Tiger reserves in India

Interview schedule for APFC.
3rd June - 14th June 2024

🔆Mitochondrial Donation Treatment

✅ A baby has been born in the UK using  three persons’ DNA, a technique called  Mitochondrial Donation Treatment (MDT

📍Three parent baby with three-person DNA:

✅Three parent babies are created through a technique called early pronuclear transfer
which involves transplanting the nuclear DNA from a fertilized egg into a donated egg, which contains healthy
mitochondria.This method is used to prevent passing on of mitochondrial diseases from a mother to her child
✅The baby carries most of its DNA from its parents and a minor percentage from a donor.

✅Potential Side Effects: Sometimes it is possible that a small amount of the maternal mitochondria with errors may get passed on during the procedure.

📍Mitochondrial Donation Techniques:

✅Maternal Spindle Transfer Technique: Nuclear genetic material is removed from eggs and transferred into donated eggs which have had their nuclear genetic material removed

Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service 
Examination, 2024 Time Table

🔆India highlights Forest Conservation and Sustainable
Forest Management initiatives at the 19th Session of
the United Nations Forum on Forests

📍Highlights
✅Globally India rank third in the net gain in average forest area
✅International big cat alliance click here
✅50 years of project tiger click here
✅30 years of project elephant

📍What is the United Nations Forum on Forests?

✅The UNFF is an intergovernmental policy forum which promotes “management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests and to strengthen long-term political commitment to this end.

✅UNFF was established in 2000 by the UN Economic and Social Council. The Forum has universal membership, and is composed of all Member States of the United Nations.

#gs3
#prelims
#environment


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🔆Ayurveda Gyan Naipunya Initiative (AGNI)

✅Platform for Ayurveda Practitioners: AGNI provides a platform for Ayurveda practitioners to report innovative practices and experiences in various disease conditions.
✅Promoting Evidence-Based Practice: Aims to promote the culture of evidence-based practice among Ayurveda practitioners.
✅Database Creation: To document successful therapeutic regimens for various disease conditions, involving single drugs, formulations, and procedures.
✅Capacity Building: Training in research methods and good clinical practices for interested practitioners.
✅Research and Mainstreaming: Undertake research for mainstreaming pragmatic practices through scientific validation and evidence-based appraisal.

#Government_schemes

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Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

✅ Some tribes are identified as PVTGs due to their higher vulnerability among tribal groups, previously classified as primitive tribal groups.

✅Total Groups: 76 tribal groups designated as Special Backward Tribes by the Government of India. Odisha highest number of PVTGs

Most Vulnerable Groups:

✅ Shompen
✅ Sentinelese
✅ Jarawas of Andaman and Nicobar
✅ Bonda of Odisha
✅ Chola Naikkan of Kerala
✅ Abuj Madia of Chhattisgarh
✅ Birhors of Jharkhand

✅PVTGs have some basic characteristics - they are mostly homogenous, with a small
population, relatively physically isolated, social institutes cast in a simple mould, absence of written language, relatively simple technology and a slower rate of change etc.

✅ The Government of India follows the following criteria for identification of PVTGs:
i. Pre-agricultural level of technology
ii. Low level of literacy
iii. Economic backwardness
iv. A declining or stagnant population

- Historical Context:
✅Dhebar Commission (1973) introduced the category of Primitive Tribe, renamed to PVTG in 2006.
✅Forest Rights Law grants habitat area rights to these tribes by the Central Government.
✅In 2003, a committee chaired by Professor Virginia Xaxa advocated for PVTG habitat rights, based on the recommendation of the Student Task Force.

S&T 5 Year PYQ Analysis

https://www.tg-me.com/testseries1/11226

🔆PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan) Scheme

✅It was launched in 2019 for de-dieselisation of the farm sector and enhancing the income of farmers. 
✅It is aimed at ensuring energy security for farmers in India, along with honouring India’s commitment to increase the share of installed capacity of electric power from non-fossil-fuel sources to 40% by 2030 as part of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs).
✅It aims to add Solar capacity of about 34,800 MW by March 2026 with the total Central Financial support of Rs 34,422 crore. 
✅Nodal Ministry: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). It is being implemented by the designated departments of the State Government.
✅Under the Scheme, a central government subsidy upto 30% or 50% of the total cost is given for the installation of standalone solar pumps and also for the solarization of existing grid-connected agricultural pumps.
✅Further, farmers can also install grid-connected solar power plants up to 2MW, under the Scheme on their barren/fallow land.

#Government_schemes

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