🔆 Climate Tipping Points
✅ Those points where any small change could push the earth into abrupt or irreversible change.
(A) Amazon rainforest - frequent droughts
(B) Arctic sea ice - massive losses
(C) Atlantic circulation - A slowdown since 1950s
(D) Boreal forest - increase in fires
(E) Coral reefs - mass die-offs
(F) Greenland ice sheet - Ice loss accelerating
(G) Permafrost - melting
(H) West Antarctic ice sheet - Ice loss accelerating
(I) Wilkes basin - Ice loss accelerating
#pre_revision
Join @CSE_EXAM
✅ Those points where any small change could push the earth into abrupt or irreversible change.
(A) Amazon rainforest - frequent droughts
(B) Arctic sea ice - massive losses
(C) Atlantic circulation - A slowdown since 1950s
(D) Boreal forest - increase in fires
(E) Coral reefs - mass die-offs
(F) Greenland ice sheet - Ice loss accelerating
(G) Permafrost - melting
(H) West Antarctic ice sheet - Ice loss accelerating
(I) Wilkes basin - Ice loss accelerating
#pre_revision
Join @CSE_EXAM
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#Goodmorning
⏳32 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 128 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳464 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳375 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳ -39 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -138 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳32 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 128 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳464 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳375 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳ -39 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -138 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
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🔆Narasapur Crochet Lace Craft
✅ Region: The craft is geographically limited to 19 mandals in West Godavari in the Godavari region of Andhra Pradesh.
✅ Background: The women of the farming community of this region started creating highly attractive artefacts from colourful lace, about 150 years ago.
✅ In 2004, the first of its kind lace park in India was established here where thousands of crochet lace makers can market their products.
✅ Artwork: The lace work is done using thin threads and these are again woven with thin crochet needles of varying sizes.
✅ The products are available in vibrant colors like orange, green, blue, whitered, and beige.
✅ The crochet lace products are also exported to countries like the UK, USA, France, etc.
#art_and_culture
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_art_and_culture
✅ Region: The craft is geographically limited to 19 mandals in West Godavari in the Godavari region of Andhra Pradesh.
✅ Background: The women of the farming community of this region started creating highly attractive artefacts from colourful lace, about 150 years ago.
✅ In 2004, the first of its kind lace park in India was established here where thousands of crochet lace makers can market their products.
✅ Artwork: The lace work is done using thin threads and these are again woven with thin crochet needles of varying sizes.
✅ The products are available in vibrant colors like orange, green, blue, whitered, and beige.
✅ The crochet lace products are also exported to countries like the UK, USA, France, etc.
#art_and_culture
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_art_and_culture
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MksRcdCndts-IFSM-23-engl-150524.pdf
36.4 KB
Marks recommended candidates IFoS 2023
Notif-CDS-II-2024-engl-150524.pdf
938.1 KB
Combined Defence Services Examination (II), 2024
🔆 BUTLER PALACE
✅ A mix of Rajasthani and Indo-Mughal styles built on the banks of the Gomti River in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh in 1915.
✅ After the Indo-Park war in 1965, Butler Palace was declared enemy property by the Government of India.
✅ Enemy property is property left behind in India by people who took Pakistani or Chinese citizenship.
✅ A mix of Rajasthani and Indo-Mughal styles built on the banks of the Gomti River in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh in 1915.
✅ After the Indo-Park war in 1965, Butler Palace was declared enemy property by the Government of India.
✅ Enemy property is property left behind in India by people who took Pakistani or Chinese citizenship.
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🔆 SINHAGAD FORT
✅The Watch and Earn initiative is a project to protect the Sinhagad fort, an ancient hill fortress located at Pune in Maharashtra.
✅The fort is previously known as Kondhana and it is known for the Battle of Sinhagad, held in 1670 between Tanaji Malusare, a Maratha commander and Udaybhan Rathore, a fort keeper under Jai Singh I.
✅The Watch and Earn initiative is a project to protect the Sinhagad fort, an ancient hill fortress located at Pune in Maharashtra.
✅The fort is previously known as Kondhana and it is known for the Battle of Sinhagad, held in 1670 between Tanaji Malusare, a Maratha commander and Udaybhan Rathore, a fort keeper under Jai Singh I.
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Marksheet for Preliminary exam for CSE 2023 out for IFoS
https://upsconline.nic.in/marksheet/cspifsp_premark_2023/login.php?examname=IFSP&examyear=2023&a=1
https://upsconline.nic.in/marksheet/cspifsp_premark_2023/login.php?examname=IFSP&examyear=2023&a=1
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Buddhist councils
1. Ajatshatru, Raj griha - compilation of Vinay pataka and sutta pitaka.
2. Kalashoka, Vaishali - Division of sangha into Theravadin and mahasanghika.
3. Ashoka, Patliputra - Compilation of Abhidhama pitaka.
4. Kanishka, Kashmir - Divison into 2 sects - Hinayana and Mahayana.
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Nirvana or Nibbana - ultimate goal of Buddha's teachings.
Budha rejected the idea of God and soul (myth).
Buddha's four noble truths
1. Life has inevitable suffering,
2. There is a cause to our suffering,
3. There is an end to our suffering,
4. The end to suffering is contained in the eight fold path.
Eight fold path
Right -
1. Understanding,
2. Speech,
3. Action,
4. Livelihood,
5. Thought,
6. Effort,
7. Mindfulness and
8. Right concentration.
Budha rejected the idea of God and soul (myth).
Buddha's four noble truths
1. Life has inevitable suffering,
2. There is a cause to our suffering,
3. There is an end to our suffering,
4. The end to suffering is contained in the eight fold path.
Eight fold path
Right -
1. Understanding,
2. Speech,
3. Action,
4. Livelihood,
5. Thought,
6. Effort,
7. Mindfulness and
8. Right concentration.
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Types of earthquake
✅ Tectonic : Earthquakes that occur when the edges of the tectonic plates slide against each other in fault zones
✅ Volcanic : Earthquakes that occur in conjunction with volcanic activity
✅ Collapse : Smaller-scale earthquakes that result from the subterranean collapse of caverns or mines
✅ Induced : Quakes caused by human activity, like tunnel construction, filling reservoirs and implementing geothermal or fracking (hydraulic fracturing) projects
✅ Tectonic : Earthquakes that occur when the edges of the tectonic plates slide against each other in fault zones
✅ Volcanic : Earthquakes that occur in conjunction with volcanic activity
✅ Collapse : Smaller-scale earthquakes that result from the subterranean collapse of caverns or mines
✅ Induced : Quakes caused by human activity, like tunnel construction, filling reservoirs and implementing geothermal or fracking (hydraulic fracturing) projects
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#Goodmorning
⏳31 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 127 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳463 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳374 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳ -38 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -137 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳31 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 127 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳463 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳374 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳ -38 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -137 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
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🔆National Investigating Agency Act, 2008
✅National Investigating Agency (NIA) was created after the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks as need for a central agency to combat terrorism was realised.
✅The National Investigation Agency aims to be a thoroughly professional investigative agency matching the best international standards.
✅The NIA aims to set the standards of excellence in counter terrorism and other national security related investigations at the national level by developing into a highly trained, partnership oriented workforce.
✅NIA aims at creating deterrence for existing and potential terrorist groups/individuals. It aims to develop a storehouse of all terrorist related information.
📍National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID)
✅NATGRID is an ambitious counterterrorism mechanism, which will utilise technologies like Big Data and analytics to study and analyse the huge amounts of data from various intelligence and enforcement agencies to help track suspected terrorists and prevent terrorist attacks.
✅A post 26/11 Mumbai attack measure, NATGRID aims to mitigate a vital deficiency — lack of real time information, which was considered to be one of the major hurdles in detecting US terror suspect David Fleadley’s movement across the country during his multiple visits between 2006 and 2009.
✅It is a counter terrorism measure that collects and collates a host of information from government databases including tax and bank account details, credit/debit card transactions, visa and immigration records and itineraries of rail and air travel.
✅It also has access to the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems, a database that links crime information, including First Information Reports, across 14,000 police stations in India.
✅This combined data will be made available to 11 central agencies.
Syllabus - anti-terror laws in India
#gs3
#security
Join @CSE_EXAM
@internal_security_upsc_MAINS
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8th Schedule
✅ The 8th Schedule of the Indian Constitution consists of 22 languages.
✅ Of these languages, 14 were initially included in the Constitution.
✅ Sindhi language was added in 1967 while Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali were included in 1992.
✅ Subsequently Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali were added in 2004.
✅ English and Rajasthani are not among the 22 languages in the 8th Schedule.
✅ The 8th Schedule of the Indian Constitution consists of 22 languages.
✅ Of these languages, 14 were initially included in the Constitution.
✅ Sindhi language was added in 1967 while Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali were included in 1992.
✅ Subsequently Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali were added in 2004.
✅ English and Rajasthani are not among the 22 languages in the 8th Schedule.
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Tax Revenues Distribution
✅ Article 268: Centre levies, states collect (e.g., stamp duties)
✅ Article 269: Centre levies, states collect and retain (e.g., inter-state trade taxes)
✅ Article 269A: GST, distributed as per Parliament's recommendation
✅ Article 270: Centre levies, distributed between Centre and States
✅ Article 271: Surcharge proceeds go exclusively to the Centre.
✅ Article 268: Centre levies, states collect (e.g., stamp duties)
✅ Article 269: Centre levies, states collect and retain (e.g., inter-state trade taxes)
✅ Article 269A: GST, distributed as per Parliament's recommendation
✅ Article 270: Centre levies, distributed between Centre and States
✅ Article 271: Surcharge proceeds go exclusively to the Centre.
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IFoS Mains 2023 Marksheet Released:
https://upsconline.nic.in/marksheet/exam/marksheet_system/
https://upsconline.nic.in/marksheet/exam/marksheet_system/
159_APFC_EPFO_Intv_Eng_16052024.pdf
677.4 KB
Interview schedule for APFC.
3rd June - 14th June 2024
3rd June - 14th June 2024
Buddhism split up into the Hinayana and Mahayana sects at the Buddhist council held during the reign of Kanishka in AD 72.
Hinayana(Theravadins) - Lesser vehicle, believe in original teachings of Buddha, not believe in idol worship, attend salvation through self discipline and meditation.
2 sects - Vaibhasika and Sautrantika.
Sub-schools - Staviravadins or Theravadins
and Sarvastivada.
Mahayana(Biddhisattas) - Greater vehicle, worship of images of Buddha and Bodhisattas.
Boddhisattas - deeply compassionate beings who accumulated merit through their efforts but used this not to attain nibbana and thereby abandon the world, but to help others.
Sub-schools - Yogachara, Madhyamaka
and Mahasanghika.
Hinayana
2 sects - Vaibhasika and Sautrantika.
Sub-schools - Staviravadins or Theravadins
and Sarvastivada.
Mahayana
Boddhisattas - deeply compassionate beings who accumulated merit through their efforts but used this not to attain nibbana and thereby abandon the world, but to help others.
Sub-schools - Yogachara, Madhyamaka
and Mahasanghika.
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#Goodmorning
⏳30 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 126 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳462 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳373 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳ -37 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -136 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳30 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 126 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳462 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳373 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳ -37 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -136 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
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✅Canonical texts - Directly linked to Buddha's life. e.g, Tripitaka.
✅Non - canonical texts - Not linked directly to the Buddha, but commentaries, observations on canonical texts, historical information and other writings in different languages, e.g., Jataka tales.
Canonical texts
✅Tripitaka
✅Sutta pitaka - Buddha's teachings.
✅Vinaya Pitaka - Rules and regulations for those who joined the sangha or monastic order (Suttavibhaga, Khandhaka, Parivara)
✅Abhidhamma Pitaka - deals with Philosophic matters.
✅Non - canonical texts
Milinda Panho - A dialouge between Indo-Greek King Milinda and Buddhist Monk Nagasena, in Pali Language.
✅Nettipakarana - Guidance book.
✅Visuddhimagga - The Path to Purity by Buddhaghosa
✅Nidanakatta - First connected life story of Buddha
✅Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa - Discriptions of Buddha's life (historical cum mythological account)
✅Mahavastu - Biography of Buddha (in mixed Sanskrit and Prakrit language)
✅Non - canonical texts - Not linked directly to the Buddha, but commentaries, observations on canonical texts, historical information and other writings in different languages, e.g., Jataka tales.
Canonical texts
✅Tripitaka
✅Sutta pitaka - Buddha's teachings.
(Nikaya - Digha, Majjima, Samyutta, Anguttara, Khudaka)
✅Vinaya Pitaka - Rules and regulations for those who joined the sangha or monastic order (Suttavibhaga, Khandhaka, Parivara)
✅Abhidhamma Pitaka - deals with Philosophic matters.
(Dhamma-sangani, Vibhanga, Dhatu-katha, Puggala-pannatti, Katha-vatthu, Yamaka, Patthana)
✅Non - canonical texts
Milinda Panho - A dialouge between Indo-Greek King Milinda and Buddhist Monk Nagasena, in Pali Language.
✅Nettipakarana - Guidance book.
✅Visuddhimagga - The Path to Purity by Buddhaghosa
✅Nidanakatta - First connected life story of Buddha
✅Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa - Discriptions of Buddha's life (historical cum mythological account)
✅Mahavastu - Biography of Buddha (in mixed Sanskrit and Prakrit language)
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