🔆Understanding of society as per certain thinkers
✅Karl Marx: Marx viewed society as a collection of classes in conflict, with the ruling class exploiting the working class to maintain power and wealth. He believed that the struggle between these classes would eventually lead to a revolution and the establishment of a classless society.
✅Emile Durkheim: Durkheim viewed society as a collection of individuals who share common beliefs and values, and whose behavior is regulated by social norms and institutions. He believed that social cohesion was essential for the stability of society, and that social order was maintained through the collective consciousness of its members.
✅Max Weber: Weber viewed society as a complex system of social structures, institutions, and power relations. He believed that the modern world was characterized by increasing rationalization and bureaucratization, and that social inequality was maintained through the exercise of power by those in positions of authority.
✅Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Rousseau believed that society corrupted individuals and that true freedom could only be found in a state of nature. He believed that social inequality was created by the development of private property and that society could only be reformed by returning to a more primitive state.
✅John Stuart Mill: Mill viewed society as a collection of individuals who should be free to pursue their own interests and happiness, as long as they did not harm others. He believed that society should be organized to maximize individual liberty and happiness, while also recognizing the need for social institutions to promote the common good.
#society
✅Karl Marx: Marx viewed society as a collection of classes in conflict, with the ruling class exploiting the working class to maintain power and wealth. He believed that the struggle between these classes would eventually lead to a revolution and the establishment of a classless society.
✅Emile Durkheim: Durkheim viewed society as a collection of individuals who share common beliefs and values, and whose behavior is regulated by social norms and institutions. He believed that social cohesion was essential for the stability of society, and that social order was maintained through the collective consciousness of its members.
✅Max Weber: Weber viewed society as a complex system of social structures, institutions, and power relations. He believed that the modern world was characterized by increasing rationalization and bureaucratization, and that social inequality was maintained through the exercise of power by those in positions of authority.
✅Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Rousseau believed that society corrupted individuals and that true freedom could only be found in a state of nature. He believed that social inequality was created by the development of private property and that society could only be reformed by returning to a more primitive state.
✅John Stuart Mill: Mill viewed society as a collection of individuals who should be free to pursue their own interests and happiness, as long as they did not harm others. He believed that society should be organized to maximize individual liberty and happiness, while also recognizing the need for social institutions to promote the common good.
#society
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🔆 Women in Judiciary Matters
✅ In a recent speech, the erstwhile Chief Justice of India N.V. Ramana said the appointment of women judges should not be reduced to a mere “symbolic gesture”.
✅ The CJI said the court would definitely benefit from the rich experience and nuanced understanding of the law women judges bring to the table.
✅ The Judiciary acts as a protector of rights of the citizens guaranteed by the law of the land and the constitution.
✅ The court can declare any law which transgresses a fundamental right as invalid.
✅ In India the judiciary has the power to issue writs in the name of habeas corpus, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto and certiorari.
▪️Present scenario in India:
✅ Justice B.V. Nagarathna expected to be India’s first woman Chief Justice of India in September 2027.
✅ Justice Fathima Beevi, who was appointed as the first woman Supreme Court judge in October 1989 nearly six months after her retirement from the Kerala High Court, and Justice Indu Malhotra, who was the first woman advocate be directly elevating as Supreme Court judge, individually creating history.
✅ But their time on the Apex Court Bench was less than three years.
✅ Justices Ranjana P. Desai and Gyan Sudha Misra were Apex Court judges for less than four years before retiring.
✅ Justices Hima Kohli and Bela M. Trivedi would also spend less than four years in the top court.
✅ Justices Kohli, Trivedi and Nagarathna’s entry marked the first time three women judges were appointed at the same time in the Supreme Court.
✅ Their presence along with that of Justice Indira Banerjee is the first time the Supreme Court has four serving women judges
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✅ In a recent speech, the erstwhile Chief Justice of India N.V. Ramana said the appointment of women judges should not be reduced to a mere “symbolic gesture”.
✅ The CJI said the court would definitely benefit from the rich experience and nuanced understanding of the law women judges bring to the table.
✅ The Judiciary acts as a protector of rights of the citizens guaranteed by the law of the land and the constitution.
✅ The court can declare any law which transgresses a fundamental right as invalid.
✅ In India the judiciary has the power to issue writs in the name of habeas corpus, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto and certiorari.
▪️Present scenario in India:
✅ Justice B.V. Nagarathna expected to be India’s first woman Chief Justice of India in September 2027.
✅ Justice Fathima Beevi, who was appointed as the first woman Supreme Court judge in October 1989 nearly six months after her retirement from the Kerala High Court, and Justice Indu Malhotra, who was the first woman advocate be directly elevating as Supreme Court judge, individually creating history.
✅ But their time on the Apex Court Bench was less than three years.
✅ Justices Ranjana P. Desai and Gyan Sudha Misra were Apex Court judges for less than four years before retiring.
✅ Justices Hima Kohli and Bela M. Trivedi would also spend less than four years in the top court.
✅ Justices Kohli, Trivedi and Nagarathna’s entry marked the first time three women judges were appointed at the same time in the Supreme Court.
✅ Their presence along with that of Justice Indira Banerjee is the first time the Supreme Court has four serving women judges
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Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)
✅STSS is a severe illness caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria, triggers an intense inflammatory response that can damage multiple organs.
✅Early symptoms like fever, muscle pain, and nausea can quickly escalate to organ failure if not promptly treated.
✅Timely medical intervention with antibiotics, fluids, and sometimes surgery is crucial to save lives and prevent serious complications.
#Health
✅STSS is a severe illness caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria, triggers an intense inflammatory response that can damage multiple organs.
✅Early symptoms like fever, muscle pain, and nausea can quickly escalate to organ failure if not promptly treated.
✅Timely medical intervention with antibiotics, fluids, and sometimes surgery is crucial to save lives and prevent serious complications.
#Health
🔆FAMILY AND KINSHIP
FAMILY :
✅The structure of the family can be studied both as a social institution in itself and also in its relationship to other social institutions of society.
✅ In itself a family can be defined as nuclear or extended. It can be male-headed or female- headed. The line of descent can be matrilineal or patrilineal.
✅ This internal structure of the family is usually related to other structures of society, namely
political, economic, cultural etc.
✅ The kind of changes that take place that not only have family structures changed, but cultural ideas, norms and values also change. These changes are however not so easy to bring about.
NUCLEAR AND EXTENDED FAMILY
✅ A nuclear family consists of only one set of parents and their children.
✅ An extended family (commonly known as the ‘joint family’) can take different forms, but has more than one couple, and often more than two generations, living together.
✅The extended family often is seen as symptomatic of India. Yet this is by no means the dominant form now or earlier. It was confined to certain sections and certain regions of the community.
With regard to the rule of residence, some societies are matrilocal in their marriage
and family customs while others are patrilocal.
🔸Matrilocal family :
✅ The newly married couple stays with the woman’s parents,
✅ With regard to the rules of inheritance, property passes from mother to daughter
✅ Matriarchy where the women play a similarly dominant role.
✅However, matriarchy – unlike patriarchy – has been a theoretical rather than an empirical concept. There is no historical or anthropological evidence of matriarchy – i.e., societies where women exercise dominance.
✅However, there do exist matrilineal societies, i.e., societies where women inherit property from their mothers but do not exercise control over it, nor are they the decision makers in public affairs. Ex khasi matrilineal
🔸Patrilocal family :
✅ The couple lives with the man’s parents.
✅ With regard to the rules of inheritance, property passes from father to son
✅A patriarchal family structure exists where the men exercise authority and dominance.
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FAMILY :
✅The structure of the family can be studied both as a social institution in itself and also in its relationship to other social institutions of society.
✅ In itself a family can be defined as nuclear or extended. It can be male-headed or female- headed. The line of descent can be matrilineal or patrilineal.
✅ This internal structure of the family is usually related to other structures of society, namely
political, economic, cultural etc.
✅ The kind of changes that take place that not only have family structures changed, but cultural ideas, norms and values also change. These changes are however not so easy to bring about.
NUCLEAR AND EXTENDED FAMILY
✅ A nuclear family consists of only one set of parents and their children.
✅ An extended family (commonly known as the ‘joint family’) can take different forms, but has more than one couple, and often more than two generations, living together.
✅The extended family often is seen as symptomatic of India. Yet this is by no means the dominant form now or earlier. It was confined to certain sections and certain regions of the community.
THE DIVERSE FORMS OF THE FAMILY :With regard to the rule of residence, some societies are matrilocal in their marriage
and family customs while others are patrilocal.
🔸Matrilocal family :
✅ The newly married couple stays with the woman’s parents,
✅ With regard to the rules of inheritance, property passes from mother to daughter
✅ Matriarchy where the women play a similarly dominant role.
✅However, matriarchy – unlike patriarchy – has been a theoretical rather than an empirical concept. There is no historical or anthropological evidence of matriarchy – i.e., societies where women exercise dominance.
✅However, there do exist matrilineal societies, i.e., societies where women inherit property from their mothers but do not exercise control over it, nor are they the decision makers in public affairs. Ex khasi matrilineal
🔸Patrilocal family :
✅ The couple lives with the man’s parents.
✅ With regard to the rules of inheritance, property passes from father to son
✅A patriarchal family structure exists where the men exercise authority and dominance.
#gs1
#society
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
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#Goodmorning
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🔆Anusandhan National Research Foundation (NRF) Bill, 2023
✅ The NRF will provide high-level strategic direction for research, innovation, and entrepreneurship in various fields. It will also promote scientific and technological interfaces in the humanities and social sciences.
✅ The Bill will hike R&D spending in the country. The Act will establish NRF, an apex body to provide high-level strategic direction of scientific research in the country.
✅ The Department of Science and Technology (DST) will be the administrative Department of NRF, which will be governed by a Governing Board consisting of eminent researchers and professionals across disciplines.
✅ The Prime Minister will be the ex-officio President of the Board, and the Union Minister of Science & Technology and the Union Minister of Education will be the ex-officio Vice-Presidents.
✅ NRF's functioning will be governed by an Executive Council chaired by the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India.
✅ NRF will forge collaborations among industry, academia, and government departments and research institutions.
✅ The Act will also repeal the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), established by an Act of Parliament in 2008, and subsume it into the NRF, which has an expanded mandate and covers activities over and above those of SERB.
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🔆 Food Processing Industries (FPIs)
✅The food processing industry is a broad term that encompasses the activities involved in transforming raw agricultural products into food products for human consumption.
✅These activities include cleaning, sorting, grading, cooking, preserving, packaging, and distributing food products.
FPIs accounts for about 12% of the country's GDP and employs about 40 million people.
Food processing supply chain Categories
✅ The upstream supply chain: This includes the farmers, suppliers, and processors who provide the raw materials for food processing.
✅ The midstream supply chain: This includes the food manufacturers, distributors, and retailers who transform and deliver food products to consumers.
✅ The downstream supply chain: This includes the consumers who purchase and consume food products.
Key elements
✅ Raw materials: The food processing supply chain starts with the production of raw materials, such as fruits, vegetables, meat, and dairy products.
✅ Processing: The raw materials are then processed into food products, such as canned goods, frozen foods, and snacks.
✅ Packaging: The food products are then packaged for transportation and storage.
✅ Distribution: The food products are then distributed to retailers, who sell them to consumers.
✅ Retail: The consumers purchase the food products from retailers and consume them.
Challenges faced by the food processing industry
✅ Inadequate cold chain infrastructure: India has a cold storage capacity of only 37 million tons against an estimated requirement of 70-100 million tons.
✅ lkHigh post-harvest losses: India loses $13.4 billion worth of food grains annually due to inadequate storage and transport facilities.
✅ Fragmented farm produce: India's farm sector is fragmented with a large number of small and marginal farmers. This makes aggregation of farm produce challenging.
✅ Lack of automation: The food supply chain in India lacks adequate automation in sorting, grading and packaging of agricultural produce. This leads to manual handling and quality issues.
✅ Longer supply chains: Indian farmers generally have to sell to wholesalers who supply to processors, thereby leading to longer and inefficient supply chains.
✅ Create more integrated cold chain networks to link farms, processing units andbconsumers.
✅Promote modern supply chain technologies like RFID, blockchain for traceability and transparency.
✅ Adopt automated grading, sorting and packaging systems to maintain quality and hygiene.
✅ Set up more farm infra like collection centers, primary processing units to aggregata smallholder produce.
✅ Strengthen logistics infrastructure for quick transportation of perishables.
✅ Provide credit, tax incentives and subsidies for producers and processors to invest in supply chain improvement.
#gs3
#prelims
#economy
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✅The food processing industry is a broad term that encompasses the activities involved in transforming raw agricultural products into food products for human consumption.
✅These activities include cleaning, sorting, grading, cooking, preserving, packaging, and distributing food products.
FPIs accounts for about 12% of the country's GDP and employs about 40 million people.
Food processing supply chain Categories
✅ The upstream supply chain: This includes the farmers, suppliers, and processors who provide the raw materials for food processing.
✅ The midstream supply chain: This includes the food manufacturers, distributors, and retailers who transform and deliver food products to consumers.
✅ The downstream supply chain: This includes the consumers who purchase and consume food products.
Key elements
✅ Raw materials: The food processing supply chain starts with the production of raw materials, such as fruits, vegetables, meat, and dairy products.
✅ Processing: The raw materials are then processed into food products, such as canned goods, frozen foods, and snacks.
✅ Packaging: The food products are then packaged for transportation and storage.
✅ Distribution: The food products are then distributed to retailers, who sell them to consumers.
✅ Retail: The consumers purchase the food products from retailers and consume them.
Challenges faced by the food processing industry
✅ Inadequate cold chain infrastructure: India has a cold storage capacity of only 37 million tons against an estimated requirement of 70-100 million tons.
✅ lkHigh post-harvest losses: India loses $13.4 billion worth of food grains annually due to inadequate storage and transport facilities.
✅ Fragmented farm produce: India's farm sector is fragmented with a large number of small and marginal farmers. This makes aggregation of farm produce challenging.
✅ Lack of automation: The food supply chain in India lacks adequate automation in sorting, grading and packaging of agricultural produce. This leads to manual handling and quality issues.
✅ Longer supply chains: Indian farmers generally have to sell to wholesalers who supply to processors, thereby leading to longer and inefficient supply chains.
✅ Create more integrated cold chain networks to link farms, processing units andbconsumers.
✅Promote modern supply chain technologies like RFID, blockchain for traceability and transparency.
✅ Adopt automated grading, sorting and packaging systems to maintain quality and hygiene.
✅ Set up more farm infra like collection centers, primary processing units to aggregata smallholder produce.
✅ Strengthen logistics infrastructure for quick transportation of perishables.
✅ Provide credit, tax incentives and subsidies for producers and processors to invest in supply chain improvement.
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#prelims
#economy
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🔆RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY
✔️Hinduism:
✅Hinduism is the dominant religion in India, accounting for about 79.8% of the population.
✅Hinduism is an ancient religion that dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization. It is characterised by a complex system of beliefs, rituals, and practices, and has many gods and goddesses. Hinduism is deeply ingrained in Indian culture and society.
✔️Islam:
✅Islam is the second-largest religion in India, accounting for about 14.2% of the population.
✅It was brought to India by Arab traders and merchants in the 7th century.
✅Islam has a rich history in India, and many Muslims have contributed significantly to Indian culture and society. The largest concentration of Muslims in India is in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
✔️Christianity:
✅Christianity is the third-largest religion in India, accounting for about 2.3% of the population.
✅It was introduced to India by European missionaries in the 16th century. Christianity has played a significant role in Indian history, and many Christians have contributed to Indian society in various ways.
✅ Sikhism: Sikhism is a relatively young religion that originated in Punjab in the 15th century. It is characterised by a belief in one God and the teachings of the ten Sikh gurus. Sikhism is the fourth-largest religion in India, accounting for about 1.7% of the population.
✅Buddhism: Buddhism is a major world religion that originated in India in the 6th century BC. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who is known as the Buddha. Today, Buddhism accounts for about 0.7% of the Indian population.
✅ Jainism: Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that emphasises non-violence and respect for all living beings.
🔸It is based on the teachings of Mahavira, who lived in the 6th century BC. Today, Jainism accounts for about 0.4% of the Indian population.
✅Other religions: There are also several other religions practised in India, including Zoroastrianism, Judaism, and Baha'i Faith.
🔸India is home to the largest population of Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and Zoroastrians in the world.
🔸 India is also home to the second-largest population of Muslims in the world, after Indonesia.
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✔️Hinduism:
✅Hinduism is the dominant religion in India, accounting for about 79.8% of the population.
✅Hinduism is an ancient religion that dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization. It is characterised by a complex system of beliefs, rituals, and practices, and has many gods and goddesses. Hinduism is deeply ingrained in Indian culture and society.
✔️Islam:
✅Islam is the second-largest religion in India, accounting for about 14.2% of the population.
✅It was brought to India by Arab traders and merchants in the 7th century.
✅Islam has a rich history in India, and many Muslims have contributed significantly to Indian culture and society. The largest concentration of Muslims in India is in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
✔️Christianity:
✅Christianity is the third-largest religion in India, accounting for about 2.3% of the population.
✅It was introduced to India by European missionaries in the 16th century. Christianity has played a significant role in Indian history, and many Christians have contributed to Indian society in various ways.
✅ Sikhism: Sikhism is a relatively young religion that originated in Punjab in the 15th century. It is characterised by a belief in one God and the teachings of the ten Sikh gurus. Sikhism is the fourth-largest religion in India, accounting for about 1.7% of the population.
✅Buddhism: Buddhism is a major world religion that originated in India in the 6th century BC. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who is known as the Buddha. Today, Buddhism accounts for about 0.7% of the Indian population.
✅ Jainism: Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that emphasises non-violence and respect for all living beings.
🔸It is based on the teachings of Mahavira, who lived in the 6th century BC. Today, Jainism accounts for about 0.4% of the Indian population.
✅Other religions: There are also several other religions practised in India, including Zoroastrianism, Judaism, and Baha'i Faith.
🔸India is home to the largest population of Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and Zoroastrians in the world.
🔸 India is also home to the second-largest population of Muslims in the world, after Indonesia.
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🔆Act East Policy :
✅ The Act East Policy was introduced in 2014 to replace the previous Look East Policy of the 1990s.
✅ Key Focus: The policy aims to promote economic, cultural, and strategic relations between India and Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Areas of Cooperation: Connectivity, trade, maritime security, people-to-people ties, development partnerships with ASEAN are key areas.
✅ Institutional Mechanisms: India participates in forums like the East Asia Summit, Mekong-Ganga Cooperation, BIMSTEC etc. under this policy.
Limitations of Act East Policy :
✅ Slow Progress on Connectivity Projects: Projects like India-Myanmar-Thailand
trilateral highway and Kaladan Multi-modal Transit Transport Project have seen slow progress due to governance issues, lack of capacities and regulatory hurdles on the ground.
✅ Trade Deficit Persists: Despite trade agreements, India's trade deficit with ASEAN and other East Asian countries remains high. Domestic impediments hamper greater economic integration.
✅ Security Partnerships Yet to Mature: While India conducts naval exercises like SIMBEX with Singapore, defense partnerships are still evolving with most ASEAN states barring Vietnam.
✅ Overland Connectivity Deficits: Lack of direct overland connectivity with ASEAN hampers seamless physical connectivity. Progress on India-Myanmar-Thailand trilateral highway can address this gap.
✅ Competition with China's Influence: China's deep economic ties and initiatives like Belt and Road Initiative appear to have greater traction in Southeast Asia relative to India's efforts.
✅ Domestic Reform Lag: Slow pace of port development, tax/tariff reforms, easing business regulations in India affects functioning of Act East Policy.
✅ Funding Constraints: India lacks financial capacity to match China's largescale investments in Southeast Asia.
This restricts India's development partnerships in the region.
✅Accelerate infrastructure and connectivity projects with ASEAN countries through dedicated project monitoring and financial commitment.
✅ Leverage India's software prowess to digitally integrate with Southeast Asian markets through cross-border digital economy partnerships.
✅ Diversify trade relations beyond China by concluding RCEP or bilateral FTAs with Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Expand security cooperation with ASEAN through intelligence sharing, coordinated patrols, transfer of defense technology and joint military exercises.
✅ Resolve regulatory and capacity issues hindering seamless overland connectivity with Myanmar and Thailand.
✅ Promote greater tourism, academic exchanges and cultural linkages between
India and Southeast Asia through scholarships, events and visa facilitation.
✅ Collaborate with Japan, Australia and other Indo-Pacific nations to provide alternatives to BRI for infrastructure development in Southeast Asia.
✅ Deepen energy ties with Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia by attracting investments in India's oil and gas sector.
✅ Project India's software prowess, pharmaceutical industry and healthcare capacity for greater economic influence in Southeast Asia.
✅ Coordinate India's Act East Policy with Neighbourhood First policy to develop cross-cutting connectivity and development projects.
✅ Reform domestic regulations, taxation and business ecosystem to attract Southeast Asian companies to invest and manufacture in India.
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✅ The Act East Policy was introduced in 2014 to replace the previous Look East Policy of the 1990s.
✅ Key Focus: The policy aims to promote economic, cultural, and strategic relations between India and Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Areas of Cooperation: Connectivity, trade, maritime security, people-to-people ties, development partnerships with ASEAN are key areas.
✅ Institutional Mechanisms: India participates in forums like the East Asia Summit, Mekong-Ganga Cooperation, BIMSTEC etc. under this policy.
Limitations of Act East Policy :
✅ Slow Progress on Connectivity Projects: Projects like India-Myanmar-Thailand
trilateral highway and Kaladan Multi-modal Transit Transport Project have seen slow progress due to governance issues, lack of capacities and regulatory hurdles on the ground.
✅ Trade Deficit Persists: Despite trade agreements, India's trade deficit with ASEAN and other East Asian countries remains high. Domestic impediments hamper greater economic integration.
✅ Security Partnerships Yet to Mature: While India conducts naval exercises like SIMBEX with Singapore, defense partnerships are still evolving with most ASEAN states barring Vietnam.
✅ Overland Connectivity Deficits: Lack of direct overland connectivity with ASEAN hampers seamless physical connectivity. Progress on India-Myanmar-Thailand trilateral highway can address this gap.
✅ Competition with China's Influence: China's deep economic ties and initiatives like Belt and Road Initiative appear to have greater traction in Southeast Asia relative to India's efforts.
✅ Domestic Reform Lag: Slow pace of port development, tax/tariff reforms, easing business regulations in India affects functioning of Act East Policy.
✅ Funding Constraints: India lacks financial capacity to match China's largescale investments in Southeast Asia.
This restricts India's development partnerships in the region.
✅Accelerate infrastructure and connectivity projects with ASEAN countries through dedicated project monitoring and financial commitment.
✅ Leverage India's software prowess to digitally integrate with Southeast Asian markets through cross-border digital economy partnerships.
✅ Diversify trade relations beyond China by concluding RCEP or bilateral FTAs with Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Expand security cooperation with ASEAN through intelligence sharing, coordinated patrols, transfer of defense technology and joint military exercises.
✅ Resolve regulatory and capacity issues hindering seamless overland connectivity with Myanmar and Thailand.
✅ Promote greater tourism, academic exchanges and cultural linkages between
India and Southeast Asia through scholarships, events and visa facilitation.
✅ Collaborate with Japan, Australia and other Indo-Pacific nations to provide alternatives to BRI for infrastructure development in Southeast Asia.
✅ Deepen energy ties with Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia by attracting investments in India's oil and gas sector.
✅ Project India's software prowess, pharmaceutical industry and healthcare capacity for greater economic influence in Southeast Asia.
✅ Coordinate India's Act East Policy with Neighbourhood First policy to develop cross-cutting connectivity and development projects.
✅ Reform domestic regulations, taxation and business ecosystem to attract Southeast Asian companies to invest and manufacture in India.
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Stage2_web_notice_21june24.pdf
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CSIR CASE Stage 2 Exam Notification
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⏳ 90 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳337 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳426 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ Tomorrow mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳22 days UKPSC Prelims ( 14 July)
⏳ 28 days RAS MAINS ( 20 July)
⏳ 29 Mpsc prelims 2024 ( 21 July)
⏳ -100 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
⏳ 127 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 183 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1