🔆What is UN approved kenya led security mission to haiti
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
🔆Status of Relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel Amid War
According to the sources, Saudi Arabia is putting US-backed plans to normalise ties with Israel on ice, signalling a rapid rethink of its foreign policy priorities as war escalates between Israel and Palestinian group Hamas.
📍What is the Potential Deal Between Israel and Saudi?
✅The US has been working for months to broker a deal that would improve relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia.
✅The highlight of the deal is that Saudi Arabia will recognise Israel for the first time since the latter’s establishment in 1948.
More than resolving the Palestinian question, Riyadh now wants security guarantees from the US in exchange for recognising Israel.
✅Specifically, the kingdom seeks protection from Iran, which has been its arch rival for decades now.
✅Saudi Arabia wants an agreement with the US that would be as close as possible to a mutual defence pact - in which any attack on the kingdom would be seen by Washington as an attack on the US.
✅The deal also includes US support for a Saudi civilian nuclear programme and US approval for the sale of sophisticated weapons to the kingdom.
✅Israel, which is technologically advanced in a wide range of fields, will also help Riyadh move its economy beyond oil.
📍How will the Formalisation of Ties with the Saudis help Israel?
✅Saudi Arabia is the richest and most powerful of the Arab countries. A formal relationship will bring economic benefits to Israel.
✅It would give legitimacy to the State of Israel in the mostly-Muslim region and help the country become a significant player in West Asia.
📍What’s in the Deal for the United States?
✅The US is looking at the growing Chinese influence in the region. The US hopes that giving security guarantees to Saudi Arabia will stop the kingdom from getting closer to China.
✅Recently, Beijing successfully mediated an agreement that restored formal ties between the Saudis and Iran, long-time rivals in the region.
✅This signalled the arrival of China as a global power-broker, a role for which only the US has so far had the required influence and financial strength.
✅Washington also wants to improve its fraught relations with Riyadh.
✅They have been traditional allies, but in recent years, the two countries have had several confrontations, including over the murder of US journalist (Jamal Khashoggi) by Saudi agents.
According to the sources, Saudi Arabia is putting US-backed plans to normalise ties with Israel on ice, signalling a rapid rethink of its foreign policy priorities as war escalates between Israel and Palestinian group Hamas.
📍What is the Potential Deal Between Israel and Saudi?
✅The US has been working for months to broker a deal that would improve relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia.
✅The highlight of the deal is that Saudi Arabia will recognise Israel for the first time since the latter’s establishment in 1948.
More than resolving the Palestinian question, Riyadh now wants security guarantees from the US in exchange for recognising Israel.
✅Specifically, the kingdom seeks protection from Iran, which has been its arch rival for decades now.
✅Saudi Arabia wants an agreement with the US that would be as close as possible to a mutual defence pact - in which any attack on the kingdom would be seen by Washington as an attack on the US.
✅The deal also includes US support for a Saudi civilian nuclear programme and US approval for the sale of sophisticated weapons to the kingdom.
✅Israel, which is technologically advanced in a wide range of fields, will also help Riyadh move its economy beyond oil.
📍How will the Formalisation of Ties with the Saudis help Israel?
✅Saudi Arabia is the richest and most powerful of the Arab countries. A formal relationship will bring economic benefits to Israel.
✅It would give legitimacy to the State of Israel in the mostly-Muslim region and help the country become a significant player in West Asia.
📍What’s in the Deal for the United States?
✅The US is looking at the growing Chinese influence in the region. The US hopes that giving security guarantees to Saudi Arabia will stop the kingdom from getting closer to China.
✅Recently, Beijing successfully mediated an agreement that restored formal ties between the Saudis and Iran, long-time rivals in the region.
✅This signalled the arrival of China as a global power-broker, a role for which only the US has so far had the required influence and financial strength.
✅Washington also wants to improve its fraught relations with Riyadh.
✅They have been traditional allies, but in recent years, the two countries have had several confrontations, including over the murder of US journalist (Jamal Khashoggi) by Saudi agents.
🔆Bolstering Bilateral Ties Between India and Sri Lanka: After 40 years, India Sri Lanka Ferry Services Restarted
✅An age-old sea route between India and Sri Lanka has been rejuvenated with the inauguration of a passenger ferry service - a High Speed Craft, named ‘Cheriyapani’, from Nagapattinam (TN) to Kankesanthurai in Jaffna, Northern Sri Lanka.
✅The initiative is aimed at bolstering bilateral ties, boosting tourism, increasing people-to-people relations and is expected to benefit local traders on both shores.
📍Potential Impact of the New Service:
✅By providing a transportation option, the ferry can amplify religious tourism in the coastal regions of both countries.
✅From India, travellers can access significant religious sites in Colombo and the southern parts of Sri Lanka.
✅Indian pilgrim centres such as Nagapattinam, Nagore, Velankanni, Thirunallar, and temple towns such as Thanjavur, Madurai, and Tiruchi are expected to see an influx of Lankan tourists.
✅Beyond religious tourism, the services would boost regional commerce and trade.
✅Anticipating the influx of travellers, the state government of Tamil Nadu is ramping up infrastructural developments.
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
✅An age-old sea route between India and Sri Lanka has been rejuvenated with the inauguration of a passenger ferry service - a High Speed Craft, named ‘Cheriyapani’, from Nagapattinam (TN) to Kankesanthurai in Jaffna, Northern Sri Lanka.
✅The initiative is aimed at bolstering bilateral ties, boosting tourism, increasing people-to-people relations and is expected to benefit local traders on both shores.
📍Potential Impact of the New Service:
✅By providing a transportation option, the ferry can amplify religious tourism in the coastal regions of both countries.
✅From India, travellers can access significant religious sites in Colombo and the southern parts of Sri Lanka.
✅Indian pilgrim centres such as Nagapattinam, Nagore, Velankanni, Thirunallar, and temple towns such as Thanjavur, Madurai, and Tiruchi are expected to see an influx of Lankan tourists.
✅Beyond religious tourism, the services would boost regional commerce and trade.
✅Anticipating the influx of travellers, the state government of Tamil Nadu is ramping up infrastructural developments.
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
🔆Nepal and India recently agreed to reduce the height of the proposed Saptakoshi High Dam amid concerns in Nepal over the potential inundation of a large swathe of land upstream of the dam.
📍Saptakoshi High Dam:
✅It is a multipurpose project proposed to be constructed on the Saptakoshi River of Nepal (known as Koshi River in India).
✅The project is primarily aimed at controlling floods in southeast Nepal and northern Bihar and generating hydropower.
✅It is a bilateral project of the Indian and Nepalese governments under the Koshi agreement.
✅The Koshi River, also known as the "Saptakoshi" in Nepal, is a trans-boundary river that flows through India and Nepal.
✅It is the largest river basin in Nepal.
✅It is one of the biggest tributaries of the Ganga.
#gs1
#geography
#gs3
#environment
#prelims
@upsc_prelims2024
📍Saptakoshi High Dam:
✅It is a multipurpose project proposed to be constructed on the Saptakoshi River of Nepal (known as Koshi River in India).
✅The project is primarily aimed at controlling floods in southeast Nepal and northern Bihar and generating hydropower.
✅It is a bilateral project of the Indian and Nepalese governments under the Koshi agreement.
✅The Koshi River, also known as the "Saptakoshi" in Nepal, is a trans-boundary river that flows through India and Nepal.
✅It is the largest river basin in Nepal.
✅It is one of the biggest tributaries of the Ganga.
#gs1
#geography
#gs3
#environment
#prelims
@upsc_prelims2024
Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains)
🔆Act East Policy :
✅ The Act East Policy was introduced in 2014 to replace the previous Look East Policy of the 1990s.
✅ Key Focus: The policy aims to promote economic, cultural, and strategic relations between India and Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Areas of Cooperation: Connectivity, trade, maritime security, people-to-people ties, development partnerships with ASEAN are key areas.
✅ Institutional Mechanisms: India participates in forums like the East Asia Summit, Mekong-Ganga Cooperation, BIMSTEC etc. under this policy.
Limitations of Act East Policy :
✅ Slow Progress on Connectivity Projects: Projects like India-Myanmar-Thailand
trilateral highway and Kaladan Multi-modal Transit Transport Project have seen slow progress due to governance issues, lack of capacities and regulatory hurdles on the ground.
✅ Trade Deficit Persists: Despite trade agreements, India's trade deficit with ASEAN and other East Asian countries remains high. Domestic impediments hamper greater economic integration.
✅ Security Partnerships Yet to Mature: While India conducts naval exercises like SIMBEX with Singapore, defense partnerships are still evolving with most ASEAN states barring Vietnam.
✅ Overland Connectivity Deficits: Lack of direct overland connectivity with ASEAN hampers seamless physical connectivity. Progress on India-Myanmar-Thailand trilateral highway can address this gap.
✅ Competition with China's Influence: China's deep economic ties and initiatives like Belt and Road Initiative appear to have greater traction in Southeast Asia relative to India's efforts.
✅ Domestic Reform Lag: Slow pace of port development, tax/tariff reforms, easing business regulations in India affects functioning of Act East Policy.
✅ Funding Constraints: India lacks financial capacity to match China's largescale investments in Southeast Asia.
This restricts India's development partnerships in the region.
✅Accelerate infrastructure and connectivity projects with ASEAN countries through dedicated project monitoring and financial commitment.
✅ Leverage India's software prowess to digitally integrate with Southeast Asian markets through cross-border digital economy partnerships.
✅ Diversify trade relations beyond China by concluding RCEP or bilateral FTAs with Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Expand security cooperation with ASEAN through intelligence sharing, coordinated patrols, transfer of defense technology and joint military exercises.
✅ Resolve regulatory and capacity issues hindering seamless overland connectivity with Myanmar and Thailand.
✅ Promote greater tourism, academic exchanges and cultural linkages between
India and Southeast Asia through scholarships, events and visa facilitation.
✅ Collaborate with Japan, Australia and other Indo-Pacific nations to provide alternatives to BRI for infrastructure development in Southeast Asia.
✅ Deepen energy ties with Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia by attracting investments in India's oil and gas sector.
✅ Project India's software prowess, pharmaceutical industry and healthcare capacity for greater economic influence in Southeast Asia.
✅ Coordinate India's Act East Policy with Neighbourhood First policy to develop cross-cutting connectivity and development projects.
✅ Reform domestic regulations, taxation and business ecosystem to attract Southeast Asian companies to invest and manufacture in India.
#gs2
#ir
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_ir
✅ The Act East Policy was introduced in 2014 to replace the previous Look East Policy of the 1990s.
✅ Key Focus: The policy aims to promote economic, cultural, and strategic relations between India and Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Areas of Cooperation: Connectivity, trade, maritime security, people-to-people ties, development partnerships with ASEAN are key areas.
✅ Institutional Mechanisms: India participates in forums like the East Asia Summit, Mekong-Ganga Cooperation, BIMSTEC etc. under this policy.
Limitations of Act East Policy :
✅ Slow Progress on Connectivity Projects: Projects like India-Myanmar-Thailand
trilateral highway and Kaladan Multi-modal Transit Transport Project have seen slow progress due to governance issues, lack of capacities and regulatory hurdles on the ground.
✅ Trade Deficit Persists: Despite trade agreements, India's trade deficit with ASEAN and other East Asian countries remains high. Domestic impediments hamper greater economic integration.
✅ Security Partnerships Yet to Mature: While India conducts naval exercises like SIMBEX with Singapore, defense partnerships are still evolving with most ASEAN states barring Vietnam.
✅ Overland Connectivity Deficits: Lack of direct overland connectivity with ASEAN hampers seamless physical connectivity. Progress on India-Myanmar-Thailand trilateral highway can address this gap.
✅ Competition with China's Influence: China's deep economic ties and initiatives like Belt and Road Initiative appear to have greater traction in Southeast Asia relative to India's efforts.
✅ Domestic Reform Lag: Slow pace of port development, tax/tariff reforms, easing business regulations in India affects functioning of Act East Policy.
✅ Funding Constraints: India lacks financial capacity to match China's largescale investments in Southeast Asia.
This restricts India's development partnerships in the region.
✅Accelerate infrastructure and connectivity projects with ASEAN countries through dedicated project monitoring and financial commitment.
✅ Leverage India's software prowess to digitally integrate with Southeast Asian markets through cross-border digital economy partnerships.
✅ Diversify trade relations beyond China by concluding RCEP or bilateral FTAs with Southeast Asian nations.
✅ Expand security cooperation with ASEAN through intelligence sharing, coordinated patrols, transfer of defense technology and joint military exercises.
✅ Resolve regulatory and capacity issues hindering seamless overland connectivity with Myanmar and Thailand.
✅ Promote greater tourism, academic exchanges and cultural linkages between
India and Southeast Asia through scholarships, events and visa facilitation.
✅ Collaborate with Japan, Australia and other Indo-Pacific nations to provide alternatives to BRI for infrastructure development in Southeast Asia.
✅ Deepen energy ties with Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia by attracting investments in India's oil and gas sector.
✅ Project India's software prowess, pharmaceutical industry and healthcare capacity for greater economic influence in Southeast Asia.
✅ Coordinate India's Act East Policy with Neighbourhood First policy to develop cross-cutting connectivity and development projects.
✅ Reform domestic regulations, taxation and business ecosystem to attract Southeast Asian companies to invest and manufacture in India.
#gs2
#ir
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_ir
🔆China's BRI and it's objective.
Why many countries perceived it as a threat for their economy?
#gs2
#ir
#prelims
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
Why many countries perceived it as a threat for their economy?
#gs2
#ir
#prelims
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
🔆Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
✅It is an international organisation of 38 countries committed to democracy and the market economy.
✅Its members are typically democratic countries that support free-market economies.
✅It was established on December 14, 1960, by 18 European nations, plus the United States and Canada.
✅Goal: To shape policies that foster prosperity, equality, opportunity, and well-being for all.
✅It publishes economic reports, statistical databases, analyses, and forecasts on the outlook for economic growth worldwide.
✅The organisation also seeks to eliminate bribery and other financial crimes worldwide.
✅It maintains a so-called "black list" of nations that are considered uncooperative tax havens.
✅India is one of the many non-member economies with which the OECD has working relationships in addition to its member countries.
✅Headquarters: Paris, France.
#organisation
#prelims
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_prelims2024
✅It is an international organisation of 38 countries committed to democracy and the market economy.
✅Its members are typically democratic countries that support free-market economies.
✅It was established on December 14, 1960, by 18 European nations, plus the United States and Canada.
✅Goal: To shape policies that foster prosperity, equality, opportunity, and well-being for all.
✅It publishes economic reports, statistical databases, analyses, and forecasts on the outlook for economic growth worldwide.
✅The organisation also seeks to eliminate bribery and other financial crimes worldwide.
✅It maintains a so-called "black list" of nations that are considered uncooperative tax havens.
✅India is one of the many non-member economies with which the OECD has working relationships in addition to its member countries.
✅Headquarters: Paris, France.
#organisation
#prelims
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_prelims2024
🔆Significance of Bhutan China boundary talks
✅China and Bhutan held their
25th round of boundary talks
and signed a Cooperation
Agreement related to the
demarcation of the
BhutanChina border.
✅Bhutan China border dispute
primarily concerns the Doklam
plateau and the India China Bhutan trijunction,
as well as the Jakarlung and
Pasamlung valleys.
✅The 3Step Roadmap initiated
in 2021 aims to clearly
delineate the Bhutanese and
Chinese territories, involving
discussions at the table, onsite
visits, and formal demarcation.
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
✅China and Bhutan held their
25th round of boundary talks
and signed a Cooperation
Agreement related to the
demarcation of the
BhutanChina border.
✅Bhutan China border dispute
primarily concerns the Doklam
plateau and the India China Bhutan trijunction,
as well as the Jakarlung and
Pasamlung valleys.
✅The 3Step Roadmap initiated
in 2021 aims to clearly
delineate the Bhutanese and
Chinese territories, involving
discussions at the table, onsite
visits, and formal demarcation.
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
🔆India-Maldives Bilateral Relationship
✅Maldives has started discussion with India for the removal of the latter's military presence in the region.
✅Around 75 Indian military officials are currently based out of the country and maintain New Delhi-sponsored radar stations and surveillance aircraft.
✅Indian warships help patrol Maldives’ exclusive economic zone.
📍Reason behind Discussions on Removal of India’s Military Presence in Maldives:
✅The removal of foreign troops had been one of the key poll promises from Maldives’ new President-elect Mohamed Muizzu.
✅During a heated Presidential elections, he had accused incumbent Ibrahim Solih of allowing India unchecked sway over Maldives’ internal affairs.
✅He also claimed that the current leader had surrendered the country’s sovereignty by allowing Indian troops to be stationed in the area.
#prelims
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
✅Maldives has started discussion with India for the removal of the latter's military presence in the region.
✅Around 75 Indian military officials are currently based out of the country and maintain New Delhi-sponsored radar stations and surveillance aircraft.
✅Indian warships help patrol Maldives’ exclusive economic zone.
📍Reason behind Discussions on Removal of India’s Military Presence in Maldives:
✅The removal of foreign troops had been one of the key poll promises from Maldives’ new President-elect Mohamed Muizzu.
✅During a heated Presidential elections, he had accused incumbent Ibrahim Solih of allowing India unchecked sway over Maldives’ internal affairs.
✅He also claimed that the current leader had surrendered the country’s sovereignty by allowing Indian troops to be stationed in the area.
#prelims
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
🔆India needs diplomatic heavy lifting to secure the lifes of Indian citizen sentenced to death in Qatar
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
India's vote on the UNGA resolution on the war in Gaza , has underlined the primacy of its concerns on international terrorism without abandoning its demand for a two-state solution in Palestine.
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial