🔆Spices Board India
✅ Statutory organization constituted under the Spices Board Act 1986
✅ It was formed with the merger of the erstwhile Cardamom Board and Spices Export Promotion Council
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Commerce & Industry
✅ It functions as an international link between the Indian exporters and the importers abroad
✅ It is responsible for the overall development of cardamom (small and large) and also implement post-harvest improvement programmes to improve the quality of the 52 scheduled spices for export along with organic production, processing and certification of spices
✅ Recently, with certain spices of Indian brands facing bans in Singapore and Hong Kong due to quality concerns, the Spices Board said it will start mandatory testing of such consignments.
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✅ Statutory organization constituted under the Spices Board Act 1986
✅ It was formed with the merger of the erstwhile Cardamom Board and Spices Export Promotion Council
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Commerce & Industry
✅ It functions as an international link between the Indian exporters and the importers abroad
✅ It is responsible for the overall development of cardamom (small and large) and also implement post-harvest improvement programmes to improve the quality of the 52 scheduled spices for export along with organic production, processing and certification of spices
✅ Recently, with certain spices of Indian brands facing bans in Singapore and Hong Kong due to quality concerns, the Spices Board said it will start mandatory testing of such consignments.
#prelims_facts
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🔆'NEIGHBOURHOOD FIRST' POLICY
✅Under its 'Neighbourhood First' policy, Government is committed to developing friendly and mutually beneficial relations with all its neighbours. India is an active development partner and is involved in several projects in these countries.
✅ India’s policy of ‘Neighbourhood First’ focuses on creating mutually beneficial, people-oriented, regional frameworks for stability and prosperity.
✅Our engagement with these countries is based on a consultative, non-reciprocal and outcome-oriented approach, which focuses on delivering benefits like greater connectivity, improved infrastructure, stronger development cooperation in various sectors area, security and broader people-to-people contacts.
✅ With Pakistan, Government desires normal neighbourly relations and is committed to addressing all outstanding issues bilaterally and peacefully in accordance with the Shimla Agreement and the Lahore
✅ Declaration. However, any meaningful dialogue can only be held in an atmosphere free from terror, hostility and violence. The onus is on Pakistan to create such a conducive atmosphere.
#IR
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✅Under its 'Neighbourhood First' policy, Government is committed to developing friendly and mutually beneficial relations with all its neighbours. India is an active development partner and is involved in several projects in these countries.
✅ India’s policy of ‘Neighbourhood First’ focuses on creating mutually beneficial, people-oriented, regional frameworks for stability and prosperity.
✅Our engagement with these countries is based on a consultative, non-reciprocal and outcome-oriented approach, which focuses on delivering benefits like greater connectivity, improved infrastructure, stronger development cooperation in various sectors area, security and broader people-to-people contacts.
✅ With Pakistan, Government desires normal neighbourly relations and is committed to addressing all outstanding issues bilaterally and peacefully in accordance with the Shimla Agreement and the Lahore
✅ Declaration. However, any meaningful dialogue can only be held in an atmosphere free from terror, hostility and violence. The onus is on Pakistan to create such a conducive atmosphere.
#IR
#mains
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🔆Rohingya Issue And North-east :
Myanmar’s Muslim minority citizens, residing in the Western Myanmar province of Rakhine.
✅The Rohingya are ethnically, linguistically, and religiously different from Myanmar’s dominant Buddhist community.
✅ About 1.1 million Rohingyas live in Rakhine, Myanmar’s least developed region, with over 78% of households below the poverty line.
✅ A brutal military crackdown in 2017 led to over 700,000 Rohingyas fleeing to Bangladesh, creating a massive refugee crisis.
IMPACT ON INDIA :
✅ Some Rohingya have crossed into North-Eastern states like Mizoram and Manipur.
✅ The influx has stoked anxieties among indigenous communities in North-East India.
✅ Concerns about potential links to extremist groups, although no concrete evidence exists.
✅ Radical Islamists may influence Rohingya youth, promoting anti-India activities.
✅ Rohingyas are spread across several cities and states; It may give the additional burden of refugees.
✅ Providing food, shelter, and healthcare for refugees can strain local resources.
✅ Increased immigrant influx can worsen the job market; Scarcity of jobs leads to reliance on government resources, adding pressure on already limited resources.
#IR
#security
#mains
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Myanmar’s Muslim minority citizens, residing in the Western Myanmar province of Rakhine.
✅The Rohingya are ethnically, linguistically, and religiously different from Myanmar’s dominant Buddhist community.
✅ About 1.1 million Rohingyas live in Rakhine, Myanmar’s least developed region, with over 78% of households below the poverty line.
✅ A brutal military crackdown in 2017 led to over 700,000 Rohingyas fleeing to Bangladesh, creating a massive refugee crisis.
IMPACT ON INDIA :
✅ Some Rohingya have crossed into North-Eastern states like Mizoram and Manipur.
✅ The influx has stoked anxieties among indigenous communities in North-East India.
✅ Concerns about potential links to extremist groups, although no concrete evidence exists.
✅ Radical Islamists may influence Rohingya youth, promoting anti-India activities.
✅ Rohingyas are spread across several cities and states; It may give the additional burden of refugees.
✅ Providing food, shelter, and healthcare for refugees can strain local resources.
✅ Increased immigrant influx can worsen the job market; Scarcity of jobs leads to reliance on government resources, adding pressure on already limited resources.
#IR
#security
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_ir
#Goodmorning
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Lessons learnt from the lives of prominent administrators
The lessons that we can learn from the lives of prominent administrators are based on the ethics in public administration and probity in governance.
Important lessons that we can learn from the lives of great administrators like A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Varghese Kurien, M.S. Swaminathan, E. Sreedharan, C.D. Deshmukh, V.P. Menon, and Sardar Patel include:
✅ Honesty and Integrity
✅ Discipline
✅ Non-discrimination, equality
✅ Public welfare
✅ Accountability- ethical & professional
✅ Responsibility
✅ Lawfulness
✅ Loyalty
✅ Courage
✅ Solidarity and respect
✅ Work ethics
✅ Perseverance
#Ethics
#keywords
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@upsc_ethics_toppers
The lessons that we can learn from the lives of prominent administrators are based on the ethics in public administration and probity in governance.
Important lessons that we can learn from the lives of great administrators like A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Varghese Kurien, M.S. Swaminathan, E. Sreedharan, C.D. Deshmukh, V.P. Menon, and Sardar Patel include:
✅ Honesty and Integrity
✅ Discipline
✅ Non-discrimination, equality
✅ Public welfare
✅ Accountability- ethical & professional
✅ Responsibility
✅ Lawfulness
✅ Loyalty
✅ Courage
✅ Solidarity and respect
✅ Work ethics
✅ Perseverance
#Ethics
#keywords
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@upsc_ethics_toppers
Notif-CGSPE-25-English-04092024_0.pdf
1.6 MB
COMBINED GEO-SCIENTIST EXAMINATION, 2025 notification
#Goodmorning
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⏳ 15 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
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Joint Statement on an Enhanced Partnership.pdf
53.9 KB
Joint Statement on an Enhanced Partnership between the Republic of India and Brunei Darussalam
🔆GIG ECONOMY AND WOMEN
The gig economy, by its nature, offers many possibilities to facilitate the movement of more women into the workforce. The flexibility offered by gig platforms allows female workers to better manage unpaid care and paid work. However, despite these advantages, data shows that the FLPR has gone down over the last two decades.
✅This is because, Gig work has witnessed similar gendered division as has been evident in traditional work
CHALLENGES
✅Unequal access to digital technologies is a significant hurdle to women’s participation in gig work.
✅According to the GSMA Mobile Gender Gap Report 2019, only 16 percent of women in India are mobile internet users
✅ Gender bias of Algorithms: Technology is supposed to be Gender neutral. But data driven algorithms on which most platform’s work are fully capable of reinforcing existing biases. The platform economy can inadvertently promote gendered work Ex: Recently, Amazon has developed an AI tool for screening resumes, but it ended up favouring male applicants since the data that was fed into making the tool was skewed in favour of male candidates
✅ Lack of social security and wage gap: The recently enacted labour codes on wages and social security recognised gig workers, ensured equal wages for both male and female and provided for social welfare schemes for them. However, wage gap and absence of social security benefits to women employees still prevalent in gig sector. For a lot of women workers, gig work is the primary source of income, which they cannot afford to lose. Consequently, they do not even raise disputes.
✅ Sexual harassment at workplace: Women employees in gig economy faces a greater risk of harassment by potential service users, in the form of verbal abuse, stalking or bullying.
Steps To Facilitate Women In Gig Economy :
✅ Bridge the gender digital divide
✅ online in-house transparent dispute redressal system by the platform, where women employees could complain if there is any problem that emerges during the service
✅Mandatory coverage of platform workers under schemes such as Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
✅ Regular audit of AI based apps to remove any unintended bias against women
The gig economy, by its nature, offers many possibilities to facilitate the movement of more women into the workforce. The flexibility offered by gig platforms allows female workers to better manage unpaid care and paid work. However, despite these advantages, data shows that the FLPR has gone down over the last two decades.
✅This is because, Gig work has witnessed similar gendered division as has been evident in traditional work
CHALLENGES
✅Unequal access to digital technologies is a significant hurdle to women’s participation in gig work.
✅According to the GSMA Mobile Gender Gap Report 2019, only 16 percent of women in India are mobile internet users
✅ Gender bias of Algorithms: Technology is supposed to be Gender neutral. But data driven algorithms on which most platform’s work are fully capable of reinforcing existing biases. The platform economy can inadvertently promote gendered work Ex: Recently, Amazon has developed an AI tool for screening resumes, but it ended up favouring male applicants since the data that was fed into making the tool was skewed in favour of male candidates
✅ Lack of social security and wage gap: The recently enacted labour codes on wages and social security recognised gig workers, ensured equal wages for both male and female and provided for social welfare schemes for them. However, wage gap and absence of social security benefits to women employees still prevalent in gig sector. For a lot of women workers, gig work is the primary source of income, which they cannot afford to lose. Consequently, they do not even raise disputes.
✅ Sexual harassment at workplace: Women employees in gig economy faces a greater risk of harassment by potential service users, in the form of verbal abuse, stalking or bullying.
Steps To Facilitate Women In Gig Economy :
✅ Bridge the gender digital divide
✅ online in-house transparent dispute redressal system by the platform, where women employees could complain if there is any problem that emerges during the service
✅Mandatory coverage of platform workers under schemes such as Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
✅ Regular audit of AI based apps to remove any unintended bias against women
Buddha's Teachings:
✅ Proclaimed life brings sorrow; freedom requires overcoming desire.
✅ Included 'Four Noble Truths' and 'Eight-Fold Path'.
✅ Advocated 'Middle Path': simple, virtuous life between austerity and luxury.
✅ Three gems: Knowledge, conduct, and meditation for liberation.
✅ Five conducts for Buddhist monks: Non-violence, Non-stealing, Celibacy, Truthfulness, and not taking intoxicating substances.
✅ Contemporary Relevance of Buddha's Teachings
✅ Addresses Consumerism and Materialistic Greed: Recognizes the link between attachment and sorrow.
✅ Promotes Scientific Temperament: Encourages mindfulness, concentration, and right understanding.
✅ Promotes Citizen-centric Governance: Encourages responsive administration prioritizing citizen welfare.
✅ Promotes Peace, Harmony, and Coexistence: Emphasizes love towards all living and the law of karma.
✅ Promotes Inter-faith Harmony: Emphasizes individual and individual actions over God's existence.
✅ Guides Ethical Disputes: Emphasizes simplicity and middle path in AI and biotechnology.
✅ Promotes Peaceful Conflict Resolution: Rejects violence and advocates for dialogue.
#Ethics
✅ Proclaimed life brings sorrow; freedom requires overcoming desire.
✅ Included 'Four Noble Truths' and 'Eight-Fold Path'.
✅ Advocated 'Middle Path': simple, virtuous life between austerity and luxury.
✅ Three gems: Knowledge, conduct, and meditation for liberation.
✅ Five conducts for Buddhist monks: Non-violence, Non-stealing, Celibacy, Truthfulness, and not taking intoxicating substances.
✅ Contemporary Relevance of Buddha's Teachings
✅ Addresses Consumerism and Materialistic Greed: Recognizes the link between attachment and sorrow.
✅ Promotes Scientific Temperament: Encourages mindfulness, concentration, and right understanding.
✅ Promotes Citizen-centric Governance: Encourages responsive administration prioritizing citizen welfare.
✅ Promotes Peace, Harmony, and Coexistence: Emphasizes love towards all living and the law of karma.
✅ Promotes Inter-faith Harmony: Emphasizes individual and individual actions over God's existence.
✅ Guides Ethical Disputes: Emphasizes simplicity and middle path in AI and biotechnology.
✅ Promotes Peaceful Conflict Resolution: Rejects violence and advocates for dialogue.
#Ethics
There is a growing concern regarding stray dog management.
✅Animal welfare organizations/ activists :
🔸Providing shelter and food to stray dogs and maintaining animal waste.
🔸Rescue, rehabilitation and rehoming efforts.
🔸Advocating for humane treatment and promoting responsible pet ownership.
🔸Provide healthcare facilities to dogs.
✅Pet owners
🔸Taking responsibility for their pets and not contributing to stray dog population.
🔸Timely immunization of their pets.
Supporting community initiatives and intervening in case of inappropriate pet behaviour.
✅Local authorities
🔸Control the stray dog population and ensure their well-being.
🔸Carrying out effective immunization and sterilization of stray dogs.
🔸Providing adequate healthcare facilities to treat dog bite and rabies cases.
✅Government
🔸Frame appropriate policies and legislations for animal control.
🔸Formulation of standard operating procedures for addressing cases of dog bites and tackle rabid dogs.
#ethics
✅Animal welfare organizations/ activists :
🔸Providing shelter and food to stray dogs and maintaining animal waste.
🔸Rescue, rehabilitation and rehoming efforts.
🔸Advocating for humane treatment and promoting responsible pet ownership.
🔸Provide healthcare facilities to dogs.
✅Pet owners
🔸Taking responsibility for their pets and not contributing to stray dog population.
🔸Timely immunization of their pets.
Supporting community initiatives and intervening in case of inappropriate pet behaviour.
✅Local authorities
🔸Control the stray dog population and ensure their well-being.
🔸Carrying out effective immunization and sterilization of stray dogs.
🔸Providing adequate healthcare facilities to treat dog bite and rabies cases.
✅Government
🔸Frame appropriate policies and legislations for animal control.
🔸Formulation of standard operating procedures for addressing cases of dog bites and tackle rabid dogs.
#ethics
#Goodmorning
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⏳ 14 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳79 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov
⏳261 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳350 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
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The notion that all things come into being through the conflict of opposites holds a profound significance in understanding the intricate fabric of existence. From natural forces to the human dimension, this concept sheds light on how contrasting forces give birth to new ideas, knowledge, and progress. The idea that all things come into being by conflict of opposites is a central tenet of the philosophy of Heraclitus, a Greek philosopher who lived in the 6th century BCE.
Heraclitus believed that the world is constantly changing, and that this change is driven by the conflict of opposites. He famously said, "War is the father of all things." This idea can be seen in many different aspects of life, from the physical world to the political world.
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@upsc_toppers_essay
Heraclitus believed that the world is constantly changing, and that this change is driven by the conflict of opposites. He famously said, "War is the father of all things." This idea can be seen in many different aspects of life, from the physical world to the political world.
#essay
#example
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@upsc_toppers_essay
Global study by leading experts : SwachhBharatMission Drives Significant Reductions in Infant Mortality Rates in India
✅ The study, which utilized a quasi-experimental design, provides robust evidence linking increased toilet access under SBM with improved child survival outcomes
✅ Launched in 2014 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, SBM is one of the largest national behavioral change sanitation programs in the world, aimed at eliminating open defecation by providing household toilets across the country.
✅ The study, which utilized a quasi-experimental design, provides robust evidence linking increased toilet access under SBM with improved child survival outcomes
✅ Launched in 2014 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, SBM is one of the largest national behavioral change sanitation programs in the world, aimed at eliminating open defecation by providing household toilets across the country.