🔆Forever chemicals
✅Researchers have developed a ground-breaking technique to track and manage “forever chemicals,” scientifically known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).
✅These human-made toxic chemicals, used in various applications like waterproofing, non-stick surfaces, and food packaging, are notorious for their durability, persisting in the environment for thousands of years and causing significant pollution.
✅The researchers employed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which uses magnetic fields and radio waves to analyse the molecular structure of these chemicals without breaking them apart.
✅This method identifies unique “fingerprints” of carbon isotopes in the molecules, enabling the tracking of the chemicals from their source to their destination.
✅This technique, described as a “built-in barcode” for molecules, offers a new way to trace the spread of PFAS in the environment.
✅The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the U.S. plans to regulate these chemicals, aiming to remove them from drinking water.
✅Researchers have developed a ground-breaking technique to track and manage “forever chemicals,” scientifically known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).
✅These human-made toxic chemicals, used in various applications like waterproofing, non-stick surfaces, and food packaging, are notorious for their durability, persisting in the environment for thousands of years and causing significant pollution.
✅The researchers employed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which uses magnetic fields and radio waves to analyse the molecular structure of these chemicals without breaking them apart.
✅This method identifies unique “fingerprints” of carbon isotopes in the molecules, enabling the tracking of the chemicals from their source to their destination.
✅This technique, described as a “built-in barcode” for molecules, offers a new way to trace the spread of PFAS in the environment.
✅The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the U.S. plans to regulate these chemicals, aiming to remove them from drinking water.
👍13❤1
#Goodmorning
⏳ 32 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳97 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳279 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳368 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 69 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 126 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
⏳ 32 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳97 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳279 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳368 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 69 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 126 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
👍6👏2❤1👌1
🔆LI-FI
✅ Li-Fi, or light fidelity, is a Visible Light Communications (VLC) system.
✅ Unlike Wi-Fi, which uses radio waves, Li-Fi runs on visible light.
✅ It transmits data at terabits per second speeds — more than 100 times the speed of Wi-Fi.
✅ It accommodates a photo-detector to receive light signals and a signal processing element to convert the data into ‘stream-able’ content.
ADVANTAGES OF LIFI
✅ Li-Fi could make a huge impact on the internet of things, with data transferred at much higher levels with even more devices able to connect to one another.
✅ Due to its shorter range, Li-Fi is more secure than Wi-Fi.
✅ Li-Fi systems consume less power.
DISADVANTAGES OF LIFI
✅ Main challenge is to create a Li-Fi ecosystem, which will need conversion of existing smartphones into Li-Fi enabled ones by the use of a converter/adapter.
✅ Visual light can’t pass through opaque objects and needs line of sight for communication.
✅ Interference from external light sources, such as sunlight and bulbs.
POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF LIFI
✅ Li-Fi can be used in street & traffic lights. Traffic lights can communicate to vehicles and with each other.
✅Through use of Li-Fi, traffic control can be made intelligent and real-time adaptable. Each traffic and street light post can be converted into access points to convert roadsides into wireless hotspots.
✅ Vehicles having LED-based headlights and tail lamps can communicate with each other and prevent accidents by exchanging information.
✅ Visible light being safer, they can also be used in places where radio waves can’t be used such as petrochemical and nuclear plants and hospitals.
✅ They can be used in aircraft, where most of control communication is performed through radio waves.
✅ Li-Fi can easily work underwater, where Wi-Fi fails completely, thereby throwing open endless opportunities
for military & navigational operations.
✅ Transmitting power wirelessly, wherein smartphones will not only receive data through Li-Fi, but will also receive power to charge itself.
#science_and_technology
#prelims
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_science_and_technology
✅ Li-Fi, or light fidelity, is a Visible Light Communications (VLC) system.
✅ Unlike Wi-Fi, which uses radio waves, Li-Fi runs on visible light.
✅ It transmits data at terabits per second speeds — more than 100 times the speed of Wi-Fi.
✅ It accommodates a photo-detector to receive light signals and a signal processing element to convert the data into ‘stream-able’ content.
ADVANTAGES OF LIFI
✅ Li-Fi could make a huge impact on the internet of things, with data transferred at much higher levels with even more devices able to connect to one another.
✅ Due to its shorter range, Li-Fi is more secure than Wi-Fi.
✅ Li-Fi systems consume less power.
DISADVANTAGES OF LIFI
✅ Main challenge is to create a Li-Fi ecosystem, which will need conversion of existing smartphones into Li-Fi enabled ones by the use of a converter/adapter.
✅ Visual light can’t pass through opaque objects and needs line of sight for communication.
✅ Interference from external light sources, such as sunlight and bulbs.
POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF LIFI
✅ Li-Fi can be used in street & traffic lights. Traffic lights can communicate to vehicles and with each other.
✅Through use of Li-Fi, traffic control can be made intelligent and real-time adaptable. Each traffic and street light post can be converted into access points to convert roadsides into wireless hotspots.
✅ Vehicles having LED-based headlights and tail lamps can communicate with each other and prevent accidents by exchanging information.
✅ Visible light being safer, they can also be used in places where radio waves can’t be used such as petrochemical and nuclear plants and hospitals.
✅ They can be used in aircraft, where most of control communication is performed through radio waves.
✅ Li-Fi can easily work underwater, where Wi-Fi fails completely, thereby throwing open endless opportunities
for military & navigational operations.
✅ Transmitting power wirelessly, wherein smartphones will not only receive data through Li-Fi, but will also receive power to charge itself.
#science_and_technology
#prelims
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_science_and_technology
👍13❤3🔥1
#Goodmorning
⏳ 31 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳96 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳278 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳367 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 68 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 125 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
⏳ 31 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳96 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳278 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳367 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 68 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 125 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
👍5❤1
DoPT minister writes to Chairman UPSC to withdraw the Lateral Entry advertisement as per directions of PM
🔥43😁15👌6👍5❤2
E.M. Forster once said, "How do I know what I think until I see what I say?"—literature through its exploration of characters, plots, and themes, literature charts the complexities of our existence, providing valuable insights into our collective struggles, dreams, and values. Just as a map guides us through physical landscapes, literature guides us through the intricacies of human life, capturing experiences across time and culture. For example, Rabindranath Tagore’s Gitanjali delves into spiritual and philosophical musings, reflecting the search for divine connection and human purpose, offering readers insight into universal aspects of existence.
#essay
Join @Anmolvachan1
@upsc_toppers_essay
#essay
Join @Anmolvachan1
@upsc_toppers_essay
❤7👍4
#Goodmorning
⏳ 30 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳95 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳277 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳366 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 67 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 124 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
⏳ 30 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳95 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳277 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳366 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 67 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 124 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
❤6👍3
🔆Tri-boelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) Technology
✅The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore has designed special shoes for soldiers equipped with a Tri-boelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) Technology.
✅It is a self-powered, feasible solution to convert mechanical energy into electricity.
The electricity will get stored in a device fixed in the soles and can be used to operate small appliances
✅Features: It is equipped with a global positioning system (GPS) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies, these shoes can help determine the location of personnel in real-time.
📍Applications
✅The TENG technology can be used to track the location of senior citizens suffering from Alzheimer's, school children and climbers and can help monitor the attendance and work of workers in factories.
✅These shoes can also accurately analyse the movements of sportspersons to improve their performance.
✅For trekking and mountaineering enthusiasts, the shoes provide reliable tracking during expeditions with their self-powered GPS feature, ensuring safety and efficient navigation.
#gs3
#prelims
#science_technology
✅The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore has designed special shoes for soldiers equipped with a Tri-boelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) Technology.
✅It is a self-powered, feasible solution to convert mechanical energy into electricity.
The electricity will get stored in a device fixed in the soles and can be used to operate small appliances
✅Features: It is equipped with a global positioning system (GPS) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies, these shoes can help determine the location of personnel in real-time.
📍Applications
✅The TENG technology can be used to track the location of senior citizens suffering from Alzheimer's, school children and climbers and can help monitor the attendance and work of workers in factories.
✅These shoes can also accurately analyse the movements of sportspersons to improve their performance.
✅For trekking and mountaineering enthusiasts, the shoes provide reliable tracking during expeditions with their self-powered GPS feature, ensuring safety and efficient navigation.
#gs3
#prelims
#science_technology
👍7❤1
🔆Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)
✅APEDA was established by the Government of India under the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority Act of 1985.
✅It works under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
✅Objective: To develop and promote the export of scheduled products.
✅The products specified under the APEDA ACT are called scheduled products, and exporters of such scheduled products are required to register under APEDA.
✅It provides financial assistance, information, and guidelines for the development of scheduled products.
✅Headquarters: New Delhi
Functions:
✅Setting the standards and specifications for the scheduled products.
✅Registration of exporters of the scheduled products on payment of required fees.
✅Improving packaging and marketing of the Scheduled products.
✅Carrying out an inspection of products to ensure the quality of such products.
✅Training in various aspects of the industries connected with the scheduled products.
✅Development of industries relating to the scheduled products and undertaking surveys, feasibility studies, etc.
✅Collection of statistics from the owners of factories or establishments and publication of such statistics.
✅Examples of scheduled products: Fruits, Vegetable, Meat,Poultry, Dairy Products, Confectionery, Biscuits, Bakery Products, Honey, Jaggery, etc.
✅APEDA was established by the Government of India under the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority Act of 1985.
✅It works under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
✅Objective: To develop and promote the export of scheduled products.
✅The products specified under the APEDA ACT are called scheduled products, and exporters of such scheduled products are required to register under APEDA.
✅It provides financial assistance, information, and guidelines for the development of scheduled products.
✅Headquarters: New Delhi
Functions:
✅Setting the standards and specifications for the scheduled products.
✅Registration of exporters of the scheduled products on payment of required fees.
✅Improving packaging and marketing of the Scheduled products.
✅Carrying out an inspection of products to ensure the quality of such products.
✅Training in various aspects of the industries connected with the scheduled products.
✅Development of industries relating to the scheduled products and undertaking surveys, feasibility studies, etc.
✅Collection of statistics from the owners of factories or establishments and publication of such statistics.
✅Examples of scheduled products: Fruits, Vegetable, Meat,Poultry, Dairy Products, Confectionery, Biscuits, Bakery Products, Honey, Jaggery, etc.
👍7😁7❤2
#Goodmorning
⏳ 29 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳94 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳276 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳365 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 66 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 123 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
⏳ 29 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳94 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov )
⏳276 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳365 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 66 days UPPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 123 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
👍3❤1🙏1
🔆Moral and Political Attitudes
✅The group of women empowering other women through education in Mumbai is called the "Sakhi Foundation". They have been working since 2001 to provide education and training to girls from low-income families, and have so far helped over 10,000 girls to complete their education.
✅ In 2022, a group of students at the National Law University in Delhi started a campaign to raise awareness about the issue of sexual harassment on college campuses.
The campaign, called "Not Your Fault", has been met with a lot of positive feedback, and has helped to start a conversation about this important issue.
✅In 2019, a group of students in the United Kingdom started a campaign to raise awareness about the issue of climate change.
The campaign, called "Fridays for Future", has inspired millions of students around the world to take action on this important issue.
#ethics
#example
Join @upsc_ethics_toppers
@Anmolvachan1
✅The group of women empowering other women through education in Mumbai is called the "Sakhi Foundation". They have been working since 2001 to provide education and training to girls from low-income families, and have so far helped over 10,000 girls to complete their education.
✅ In 2022, a group of students at the National Law University in Delhi started a campaign to raise awareness about the issue of sexual harassment on college campuses.
The campaign, called "Not Your Fault", has been met with a lot of positive feedback, and has helped to start a conversation about this important issue.
✅In 2019, a group of students in the United Kingdom started a campaign to raise awareness about the issue of climate change.
The campaign, called "Fridays for Future", has inspired millions of students around the world to take action on this important issue.
#ethics
#example
Join @upsc_ethics_toppers
@Anmolvachan1
👍11👌3👏1
PUBLIC IMPARTIALITY :
Equal treatment toward all people. Acceptance of bureaucracy is due to public impartiality. Public impartiality is a constitutional obligation (article 14).
In unequal circumstances, impartiality will be replaced by equity and fairness. E.g. –
✅ Separate line for old age and women.
✅ Reservation on social and educational backwardness.
IMPORTANCE OF IMPARTIALITY
✅ Acceptance and authority of bureaucracy.
✅ Credibility and trustworthiness.
✅ It enables a civil servant to ask an appropriate question to anyone E.g.: Salman Khan, Shashikala etc.
✅ It helps the civil servant to maintain the queue. v. Political interference can be resisted on this principle.
✅ Fulfilling all interests equitably.
✅ It is by constitutional provisions of articles 14, 15.
✅ It is by professional ethics.
✅ It will encourage ethical work culture.
Enablers of impartiality/disablers of partiality:
✅ Interest analysis
✅ Bias free
✅ Decision validation
✅ Decision support system
#ethics
#example
Join @Anmolvachan1
@upsc_ethics_toppers
Equal treatment toward all people. Acceptance of bureaucracy is due to public impartiality. Public impartiality is a constitutional obligation (article 14).
In unequal circumstances, impartiality will be replaced by equity and fairness. E.g. –
✅ Separate line for old age and women.
✅ Reservation on social and educational backwardness.
IMPORTANCE OF IMPARTIALITY
✅ Acceptance and authority of bureaucracy.
✅ Credibility and trustworthiness.
✅ It enables a civil servant to ask an appropriate question to anyone E.g.: Salman Khan, Shashikala etc.
✅ It helps the civil servant to maintain the queue. v. Political interference can be resisted on this principle.
✅ Fulfilling all interests equitably.
✅ It is by constitutional provisions of articles 14, 15.
✅ It is by professional ethics.
✅ It will encourage ethical work culture.
Enablers of impartiality/disablers of partiality:
✅ Interest analysis
✅ Bias free
✅ Decision validation
✅ Decision support system
#ethics
#example
Join @Anmolvachan1
@upsc_ethics_toppers
👍11🔥2👌2🙏1