🔆INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR):-
✅Intellectual property (IP) refers to a group of property rights concerning the non-physical creations of the human mind
✅These rights encompass various forms of protection for inventors and creators
✅TYPES OF IPR-
1)Copyright
2) Trademark
3) Geographyical indication
4)Patent
5) Design
✅International Conventions and Bodies on IPR-
1)World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO):-
2)Budapest Treaty
3)Marrakesh agreement
4)TRIPS agreement
✅ Legal Provisions in India:-
1)The Copyright Act, 1957
2)The Trade Marks Act, 1999
3)The Patents Act, 1970
4)The Design Act, 2000
5)The Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999
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#Goodmorning
⏳17 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 113 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳360 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳449 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -24 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -123 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳17 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 113 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳360 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳449 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -24 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -123 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
🙏3👍2
4-D printing:
✅ A renovation of 3D printing wherein special materials is used to print objects that change shape postproduction.
✅ Need Stimuli or triggers to start transformation: Such as moisture, temperature, light, electrical current, stress, pH etc.
✅ Materials used: Hydrogels, Thermo-responsive, Photo and magneto responsive, Piezoelectric materials, pH-responsive etc.
✅ Properties: Self-assembly, self-adaptability, self-healing, shape memory, self-capability etc.
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🔆SOLAR GEOENGINNERING
✅It is also known as solar radiation modification, and aims to cool the Earth by reflecting absorbed sunlight back into space.
✅Method-
1)Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI):-This method involves dispersing large quantities of reflective particles, such as sulfur dioxides or calcium carbonate, into the stratosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth.
2)Marine Cloud Brightening:- This technique aims to enhance the reflectivity of low-lying clouds by spraying sea salt into them, increasing their ability to reflect sunlight.
✅Concern-
1)Temporary Solution
2) Moral Hazard
3) Environmental and Social Impact
4)Governance Challenges
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SRI KOTHANDARAMASWAMY TEMPLE
✅ Deity: Kothandarama means Rama with the bow.
✅ Located at Dhanushkodi (starting point of belived Rama Setu)
✅Vibhishana first met Lord Ram and sought refuge here.
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Forwarded from Upsc ethics
DEFINITIONS OF KEYWORD IN ETHICS SYLLABUS__.pdf
96.1 KB
Join @upsc_ethics_toppers
👍4
#Goodmorning
⏳16 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 112 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳359 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳448 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -23 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -122 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳16 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 112 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳359 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳448 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -23 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -122 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
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🔆World Leprosy Day
✅World Leprosy Day, traditionally celebrated on the last Sunday of January globally, holds a special significance in India as it coincides with Mahatma Gandhi’s Punyatithi on January 30 every year.
✅The theme for World Leprosy Day 2024 is “Beat Leprosy”. This theme encapsulates the dual objectives of the day: to eradicate the stigma associated with leprosy and to promote the dignity of people affected by the disease
📍Back to basic
✅Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by a type of bacteria called “Mycobacterium leprae”.
✅The disease affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes.
✅Leprosy is known to occur at all ages ranging from early childhood to old age.
✅Leprosy is not inherited, but it is transmitted via droplets, from the nose and mouth, during close and frequent contact with untreated cases.
✅World Leprosy Day, traditionally celebrated on the last Sunday of January globally, holds a special significance in India as it coincides with Mahatma Gandhi’s Punyatithi on January 30 every year.
✅The theme for World Leprosy Day 2024 is “Beat Leprosy”. This theme encapsulates the dual objectives of the day: to eradicate the stigma associated with leprosy and to promote the dignity of people affected by the disease
📍Back to basic
✅Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by a type of bacteria called “Mycobacterium leprae”.
✅The disease affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes.
✅Leprosy is known to occur at all ages ranging from early childhood to old age.
✅Leprosy is not inherited, but it is transmitted via droplets, from the nose and mouth, during close and frequent contact with untreated cases.
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🔆RANI KI VAV
✅Built on Saraswati River in 11th Century by Chalukyan/ Solanki queen Udaymati for her husband King Bhima-I
✅Inverted Temple
✅Solanki Architecture /Maru Gurjara Style
✅Seven levels of stairs
🔹on 100 rupee note
✅Built on Saraswati River in 11th Century by Chalukyan/ Solanki queen Udaymati for her husband King Bhima-I
✅Inverted Temple
✅Solanki Architecture /Maru Gurjara Style
✅Seven levels of stairs
🔹on 100 rupee note
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#Goodmorning
⏳15 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 111 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳358 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳447 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -22 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -121 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳15 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 111 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳358 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳447 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -22 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -121 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
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Top recipients of remittances in the world
1. India
2. Mexico
3. China
1. India
2. Mexico
3. China
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🔆Akbar
✅ Akbar was Son of Humayun.
✅ Akbar’s position was in dangerous when he succeeded his father Humayun as Delhi was seized by the Afghans.
✅ In 1556, in the second battle of Panipat, Akabar defeated Hemu and the army of Heme fled which made the victory of Mughal decisive.
✅ During the first 5 years of Akbar’s reign, Bairam Khan acted as his regent.
▪️Akbar relations with Rajpoot
✅ Akbar married the Rajput Princess Jodhabai, the daughter of Raja Bharmal.
✅For four generation, the Rajputs served the Mughals and many served in the positions of military generals as well.
✅ Akbar appointed Raja Man Singh and Raja Bhagawan Das in the senior position of the Mughal Administration.
✅ Though majority of the Rajput states surrendered to Akbar, the Ranas of Mewar continued to confront even though they were defeated several times.
✅ In 1576, the Mughals Army defeated Rana Pratap Singh in the battle of Haldighati, following the defeat of Mewar, other leading Rajput leaders surrendered to Akbar and accepted his Akbar’s policy towards Rajput was combined with a broad religious toleration.
✅ He abolished the pilgrim tax and later the jiziya.
▪️Akbar’s Religious Policy:
✅ He allowed his Hindu wives to worship their own gods.
✅ In 1575, Akbar built Ibadat Khana (House of worship) at his new capital Fatepur Sikri and invited scholars from all religions like Christianity, Hinduism, Jainism, and Zoroastrianism.
✅ He did not like the intrusion of the Muslim Ulemas in political matters.
✅ In 1579, he delivered the “Infallibility Decree” and proclaimed his religious powers.
✅ In 1582, he propagated a new religion called Din Ilahi or Divine Faith.
▪️About Din Ilahi of Akbar:
✅ The new religion believed in one God.
✅ It had all the good points of every religion.
✅ It didn’t endorse any philosophy.
✅ It aimed at bridging the gap that separated different religions.
✅ The new religion had only 15 followers including Birbal.
✅ Akbar did not compel anyone to join his new religion.
✅However, the new religion proved to be a failure, after Akbar’s death.
▪️Land Revenue Administration of Akbar:
✅ With the help of Raja Todar Mal, Akbar experimented on the land revenue administration, which was completed in 1580.
✅The land revenue system was called Zabti or Bandobast system or Dahsala System.
✅ The revenue was fixed on the average yield of land measured on the basis of previous ten years.
✅The land was divided into four categories
🔸Polaj (cultivated every year)
🔸 Parauti (once in two years)
🔸 Chachar (once in three or four years)
🔸Banjar (once in five or more years)
▪️Mansabdari System of Akbar
✅ Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system in his administration
✅ Under this system every officer was assigned a rank (Mansab)
✅ Lowest rank was 10 and the highest was 5000 for the nobles.
✅ Princes of royal blood received even higher ranks.
✅ The ranks were divided into two – Zat and Sawar.
🔸Zat means personal and it fixed the personal status of a person.
🔸 Sawar rank indicated the number of cavalrymen of a person who was required to maintain.
🔸 Every sawar had to maintain at least two horses.
✅ All appointments, promotions and dismissals were directly made by the emperor.
#PYQanalysis
Join @CSE_EXAM
@Prelims_tricks
✅ Akbar was Son of Humayun.
✅ Akbar’s position was in dangerous when he succeeded his father Humayun as Delhi was seized by the Afghans.
✅ In 1556, in the second battle of Panipat, Akabar defeated Hemu and the army of Heme fled which made the victory of Mughal decisive.
✅ During the first 5 years of Akbar’s reign, Bairam Khan acted as his regent.
▪️Akbar relations with Rajpoot
✅ Akbar married the Rajput Princess Jodhabai, the daughter of Raja Bharmal.
✅For four generation, the Rajputs served the Mughals and many served in the positions of military generals as well.
✅ Akbar appointed Raja Man Singh and Raja Bhagawan Das in the senior position of the Mughal Administration.
✅ Though majority of the Rajput states surrendered to Akbar, the Ranas of Mewar continued to confront even though they were defeated several times.
✅ In 1576, the Mughals Army defeated Rana Pratap Singh in the battle of Haldighati, following the defeat of Mewar, other leading Rajput leaders surrendered to Akbar and accepted his Akbar’s policy towards Rajput was combined with a broad religious toleration.
✅ He abolished the pilgrim tax and later the jiziya.
▪️Akbar’s Religious Policy:
✅ He allowed his Hindu wives to worship their own gods.
✅ In 1575, Akbar built Ibadat Khana (House of worship) at his new capital Fatepur Sikri and invited scholars from all religions like Christianity, Hinduism, Jainism, and Zoroastrianism.
✅ He did not like the intrusion of the Muslim Ulemas in political matters.
✅ In 1579, he delivered the “Infallibility Decree” and proclaimed his religious powers.
✅ In 1582, he propagated a new religion called Din Ilahi or Divine Faith.
▪️About Din Ilahi of Akbar:
✅ The new religion believed in one God.
✅ It had all the good points of every religion.
✅ It didn’t endorse any philosophy.
✅ It aimed at bridging the gap that separated different religions.
✅ The new religion had only 15 followers including Birbal.
✅ Akbar did not compel anyone to join his new religion.
✅However, the new religion proved to be a failure, after Akbar’s death.
▪️Land Revenue Administration of Akbar:
✅ With the help of Raja Todar Mal, Akbar experimented on the land revenue administration, which was completed in 1580.
✅The land revenue system was called Zabti or Bandobast system or Dahsala System.
✅ The revenue was fixed on the average yield of land measured on the basis of previous ten years.
✅The land was divided into four categories
🔸Polaj (cultivated every year)
🔸 Parauti (once in two years)
🔸 Chachar (once in three or four years)
🔸Banjar (once in five or more years)
▪️Mansabdari System of Akbar
✅ Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system in his administration
✅ Under this system every officer was assigned a rank (Mansab)
✅ Lowest rank was 10 and the highest was 5000 for the nobles.
✅ Princes of royal blood received even higher ranks.
✅ The ranks were divided into two – Zat and Sawar.
🔸Zat means personal and it fixed the personal status of a person.
🔸 Sawar rank indicated the number of cavalrymen of a person who was required to maintain.
🔸 Every sawar had to maintain at least two horses.
✅ All appointments, promotions and dismissals were directly made by the emperor.
#PYQanalysis
Join @CSE_EXAM
@Prelims_tricks
👍26❤10😁2
CSP24 Next 13 day time effect
6 × 13 = 78 hrs
8 × 13 = 104 hrs
10 × 13 = 130 hrs
12 × 13 = 156 hrs
14 × 13 = 182 hrs
15 × 13 = 195 hrs
16 × 13 = 208 hrs
17 × 13 = 221 hrs
Your target?
Join @CSE_EXAM
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🔆BLACK HOLE
✅It is an astronomical object with a gravitational pull so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape it.
✅ Black holes are invisible to the naked eye because light cannot escape from them. However, specialized tools on
space telescopes can aid in the detection and identification of black holes.
Types of Black Holes
✅Primordial Black Holes- Formed in the first second after the birth of the universe
✅Stellar Black Holes-Formed when the center of a very big star falls upon itself or collapses, causing a supernova
✅Intermediate Black Holes-It Ranges from around one hundred to hundreds of thousands of times the Sun’s mass.
✅Supermassive Black Holes-Almost every large galaxy, including our Milky Way (Sagittarius A* black hole), has a supermassive black hole at its center.
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#Goodmorning
⏳14 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 110 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳357 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳446 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -21 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -120 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳14 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 110 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳357 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳446 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -21 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -120 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
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