✅West Nile fever is caused by the West Nile virus (a member of Flavivirus genus) with a single-stranded RNA.

✅Natural hosts: Birds serve as the primary hosts for West Nile virus.

✅First outbreak: This fever was initially discovered in a female, residence of the West Nile region of Uganda in 1937.

✅Transmission: This fever Spread through Culex mosquito bites.
✅It Can infect humans, birds, mosquitoes, horses, and certain other mammals
Currently, there have been no reported cases of human-to-human transmission.

✅Vaccine: There is currently no vaccine available for humans against the West Nile virus.

🔆Most Indian cities are far from clean air target

✅Inter related Topics:
Air Pollution
📍National air quality index click here
📍WHO air quality standards click here
📍SAFAR System click here
📍India japan MOU signed click here
📍Effect of Climate change click here
📍Graded Response Action plan (GRAP) click here
📍OXY Van forest Haryana click here
📍Way forward click here

Other
✅Rankings of Indian cities
✅Environmental effect
✅Effect of Climate change on air quality
✅Effect of western disturbance on air quality

#gs3
#environment

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🔆 CHATURMUKHA BRAHMESWARA TEMPLE

✅Dedicated to Lord Brahma and is located in Chebrolu, Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh.
✅ The temple sits in the middle of a pond.
✅Chaturmukha Brahmeswara along with temples such as Bhimeswara, Adikesava and Nageswara in the town forms Trinity in Hinduism.
✅Trinity in Hinduism includes Lord Brahma along with Lord Vishnu and Lord Siva.

#pre_revision
#art_and_culture

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Google Chrome has been hit with another zero-day vulnerability, which has set the alarm bells ringing among users and cyber experts.

𝗭𝗲𝗿𝗼-𝗗𝗮𝘆 𝗩𝘂𝗹𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆
✅It is a system or software vulnerability unknown to the vendor and for which no patch or means of mitigation are available at the time it is discovered.
✅Zero-day exploit refers to the method or technique hackers use to take advantage of a ZDV, often via malware, and execute the attack.
✅Thus, a zero-day attack occurs when threat actors develop and release malware that targets the ZDV.

🔆Palas Sculptures :

✅ Great impetus was given to art under the reign of Pala rulers in Bihar and Bengal during the period 730 to 1110 A.D.
✅ They were Buddhist by faith. ✅ They greatly encouraged centres of learning like Nalanda and Vikramshila, where the stupas and monasteries gave ample scope for the sculptor’s expression of an art which found stimulus in religion.
✅ During this period art reached technical perfection.
✅ The Pala Style is marked by slim and graceful figures, elaborate jewellery and conventional decoration.
✅ The Pala rulers had intimate relations with Java which are evident in Hindu-Javanese sculpture, and painting of Nepal, Kashmir, Burma and Thailand.
✅ An excellent specimen from Mahanad in West Bengal is this lovely fi gure of the personifi ed river goddess Ganga.

#art_and_culture

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🔆Zonal Cultural Centres

✅The centres aim to strengthen the ancient roots of Indian Culture and evolve and enrich composite National Culture.
✅There are seven Zonal Cultural Centres (ZCC) in India:

🔸Eastern Zonal Cultural Centre Kolkata,
🔸North Central Zone Cultural Centre Allahabad,
🔸North east Zone Cultural centre Dimapur,
🔸North Zone Cultural centre Patiala,
🔸South Central Zone Cultural Centre Nagpur,
🔸South Zone Cultural Centre Thanjavur,
🔸West Zone Cultural Centre Udaipur

✅These ZCCs organize various cultural activities and programmes all over the country on a regular basis.

✅Other schemes of ZCCs - Award to Young Talented Artists, Guru Shishya Parampara, Theatre Rejuvenation, Shilpgram, Octave and National Cultural Exchange Programme (NCEP).

#pre_revision
#art_and_culture

Source

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🔆SPECIES IN NEWS

✅ Ruddy Shelduk
✅ Dancing Frog
✅ Egyptian Vulture
✅ Snow Crabs
✅ Paintbrush Swift
✅ Swamp Deer
✅ Walking Leaves
✅ Fanged Frog Species
✅ Namdapha Flying Squirrel
✅ Blue Dragon
✅ Indian Tent Turtle
✅ Smooth-Coated Otter
✅ Finn’s Weaver Bird
✅ Saiga Antelope
✅ Indian Mouse Deer
✅ Green Turtle
✅ Electric eel
✅ Indian Bison
✅ Salamander
✅ Megamouth Shark
✅ Double Humped Camels
✅ De Winton’s Golden Mole
✅ Gangetic Dolphin
✅ Black Stork
✅ Takahe Bird
✅ Tharosaurusindicus
✅ Stump-tailed Macaque
✅ Indian Oil Sardine
✅ Sambar deer
✅ Chitala Fish
✅ Batillipes Kalami
✅ Mithun
✅ Indian skimmers
✅ Himalayan Vulture (NT)
✅ Western Tragopan (VUL)
✅ Yellow-bellied Sea snake
(LC)
✅ Clouded Leopard (VUL)
✅ Vaquita Porpoise (CR)
✅ Monitor Lizards (LC)
✅ Indian Flying Fox Bat (LC)
✅ Palm cockatoo (LC)
✅ American Bald Eagle
✅ Sea Lion
✅ Octopus
✅ Picocystis Salinarum
✅ Paintbrush Swift Butterfly
✅ Attenborough Echidna
✅ Alcalus Fontinalis
✅ Milkweed butterflies
✅ Scalloped Hammerhead
Shark
✅ Painted Stork
✅ Comb Jellies
✅ Moroccan Locust
✅ Hyena
✅ White-Rumped Vulture
✅ Black Buck
✅ Himalayan Brown Bear
✅ Awaous Motla
✅ Pancorius Sebastiani
✅ Pliosaur
✅ Horaglanis Populi
✅ Pygmy hog
✅ Sea Butterflies
✅ Gekko Mizoramensis

#environment
#species
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🔆 Climate Tipping Points

✅ Those points where any small change could push the earth into abrupt or irreversible change.

(A) Amazon rainforest - frequent droughts
(B) Arctic sea ice - massive losses
(C) Atlantic circulation - A slowdown since 1950s
(D) Boreal forest - increase in fires
(E) Coral reefs - mass die-offs
(F) Greenland ice sheet - Ice loss accelerating
(G) Permafrost - melting
(H) West Antarctic ice sheet - Ice loss accelerating
(I) Wilkes basin - Ice loss accelerating

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🔆Narasapur Crochet Lace Craft

✅ Region: The craft is geographically limited to 19 mandals in West Godavari in the Godavari region of Andhra Pradesh.
✅ Background: The women of the farming community of this region started creating highly attractive artefacts from colourful lace, about 150 years ago.
✅ In 2004, the first of its kind lace park in India was established here where thousands of crochet lace makers can market their products.
✅ Artwork: The lace work is done using thin threads and these are again woven with thin crochet needles of varying sizes.
✅ The products are available in vibrant colors like orange, green, blue, whitered, and beige.
✅ The crochet lace products are also exported to countries like the UK, USA, France, etc.

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Marks recommended candidates IFoS 2023

Combined Defence Services Examination (II), 2024