π Centre Withdraws Approval for Animal Protein-Based Biostimulants
π Context:
β The Central Government has withdrawn approval for animal protein-based biostimulants citing religious and dietary sensitivities.
π About Biostimulants
β Definition: Substances or microorganisms that enhance plant growth by improving nutrient uptake, efficiency, and resilience to abiotic stresses (like drought, salinity, or heat).
β Examples: Humic acids, seaweed extracts, liquid manure compost, beneficial bacteria & fungi.
β Category: Officially distinct from fertilisers and insecticides, as they promote growth through biological stimulation rather than direct nutrient supply.
#Geography #cse #mains
π Context:
β The Central Government has withdrawn approval for animal protein-based biostimulants citing religious and dietary sensitivities.
π About Biostimulants
β Definition: Substances or microorganisms that enhance plant growth by improving nutrient uptake, efficiency, and resilience to abiotic stresses (like drought, salinity, or heat).
β Examples: Humic acids, seaweed extracts, liquid manure compost, beneficial bacteria & fungi.
β Category: Officially distinct from fertilisers and insecticides, as they promote growth through biological stimulation rather than direct nutrient supply.
#Geography #cse #mains
π Chola Art & Architecture
π Temple Architecture (Dravidian Style)
β Brihadeshvara Temple, Thanjavur β Built by Rajaraja I.
β Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple β Built by Rajendra I to celebrate northern victories.
β Airavatesvara Temple, Darasuram β Built by Rajaraja II, famous for intricate sculptures.
π Bronze Sculptures
β Chola bronze (lost-wax) sculptures are masterpieces.
β Most iconic: Nataraja β Shiva in cosmic dance, symbolizing creation & destruction.
π Literature
β Thevaram β Shaivite devotional hymns by Appar, Sambandar, Sundarar.
β Periyapuranam β Biography of 63 Nayanmars, compiled by Sekkizhar (12th century).
β Kambanβs Ramavataram (Kamba Ramayanam) β Tamil translation of Ramayana.
#prelims
#art_and_culture
@studytoday1
@upsc_art_and_culture
π Temple Architecture (Dravidian Style)
β Brihadeshvara Temple, Thanjavur β Built by Rajaraja I.
β Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple β Built by Rajendra I to celebrate northern victories.
β Airavatesvara Temple, Darasuram β Built by Rajaraja II, famous for intricate sculptures.
π Bronze Sculptures
β Chola bronze (lost-wax) sculptures are masterpieces.
β Most iconic: Nataraja β Shiva in cosmic dance, symbolizing creation & destruction.
π Literature
β Thevaram β Shaivite devotional hymns by Appar, Sambandar, Sundarar.
β Periyapuranam β Biography of 63 Nayanmars, compiled by Sekkizhar (12th century).
β Kambanβs Ramavataram (Kamba Ramayanam) β Tamil translation of Ramayana.
#prelims
#art_and_culture
@studytoday1
@upsc_art_and_culture
π2
#Goodmorning
β³21 days left IfoS mains 16 Nov
β³212 days left CSP26 [ 24-05-26]
β³301 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
β³16 days left Mpsc 9 Nov
β³44 days left PPSC prelims 7 dec
β³38 days left JKPSC prelims/CAT/EPFO 30 Nov
β³107 days left Cgpsc prelims 8 Feb
β³268 days left CAPF AC 19 July
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
β³21 days left IfoS mains 16 Nov
β³212 days left CSP26 [ 24-05-26]
β³301 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
β³16 days left Mpsc 9 Nov
β³44 days left PPSC prelims 7 dec
β³38 days left JKPSC prelims/CAT/EPFO 30 Nov
β³107 days left Cgpsc prelims 8 Feb
β³268 days left CAPF AC 19 July
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
β€4
π Trade & Commerce in the Chola Empire
π Infrastructure & Industry
β Peruvazhis β Major trunk roads facilitated trade.
β Silk-weaving in Kanchipuram β Guild-based industry with residential colonies for weavers.
π Merchant & Artisan Guilds
β Ayyavole 500 (Ainutruvar) & Manigramam β Powerful regional & international trade guilds.
β Idangai Guilds β Artisan & merchant groups for large-scale production.
β Nagaram β Local guilds in commercial hubs like Kanchipuram & Mamallapuram.
π Trading Communities
β Gavundas β Landowning traders.
β Anjuvannam β Maritime traders (Jews, Christians, Muslims).
β Valanjiyar β Long-distance overseas traders.
π Foreign Trade
β Strong ties with China, Sumatra, Java, Arabia.
β Imported Arabian horses to strengthen cavalry.
#history
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_history
π Infrastructure & Industry
β Peruvazhis β Major trunk roads facilitated trade.
β Silk-weaving in Kanchipuram β Guild-based industry with residential colonies for weavers.
π Merchant & Artisan Guilds
β Ayyavole 500 (Ainutruvar) & Manigramam β Powerful regional & international trade guilds.
β Idangai Guilds β Artisan & merchant groups for large-scale production.
β Nagaram β Local guilds in commercial hubs like Kanchipuram & Mamallapuram.
π Trading Communities
β Gavundas β Landowning traders.
β Anjuvannam β Maritime traders (Jews, Christians, Muslims).
β Valanjiyar β Long-distance overseas traders.
π Foreign Trade
β Strong ties with China, Sumatra, Java, Arabia.
β Imported Arabian horses to strengthen cavalry.
#history
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_history
β€3
Forwarded from UPSC EPFO Anmol vachan
EPFO Final Push β 35 Days Left
450+ aspirants have already joined and practicing daily!
Join now and give your EPFO prep the consistency it needs β
because practice is the key for any exam.
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π @Queen_of_hell28
@muskann_1506
450+ aspirants have already joined and practicing daily!
Join now and give your EPFO prep the consistency it needs β
because practice is the key for any exam.
MCQ Channel β βΉ199
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Live Bot Quiz β βΉ199
β’ 40+ daily quizzes at 9 PM with ranking
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β’ Access both Channel + Bot QuizEnroll now β admissions closing soon.
β’ Complete, structured preparation till exam
Make your next 35 days count.
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π @Queen_of_hell28
@muskann_1506
