🔆 Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) Summit 2024 :

✅ 6th Quad Leaders’ Summit in Wilmington, Delaware (USA).
✅ Hosted by - US
✅ Members - Four Democracies : India, Australia, US and Japan
✅ Leaders - Prime Minister Narendra Modi, U.S. President Joe Biden, Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida 
✅ History - Quad as a formal group was first mooted by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in 2007. 
✅ Involves - Launch of a New Coast Guard Exercise, A Logistics Network, Expansion of Maritime Surveillance & A Project to Combat Cervical Cancer.
✅ The ‘Quad Cancer Moonshot’ will involve contributions from all four countries to combat Cervical Cancer
✅ The countries announced the Quad-at-Sea Ship Observer Mission in 2025 to improve interoperability and maritime safety. 
✅ A Maritime Initiative for Training in the Indo-Pacific (MAITRI) to train Quad partners “to monitor and secure their waters, enforce their laws, and deter unlawful behaviour” was also announced. India will host the first MAITRI workshop in 2025.

#prelims_facts
#IR

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🇮🇳India to get First National Security semiconductor fabrication plant as part of collaboration with US🇺🇸

70th BPSC notification out
Form filling starts from -28/09/2024

🔆BAR COUNCIL OF INDIA (BCI) :

✅ The Bar Council India is a statutory body created by an act of Parliament to regulate and represent Indian legal professionals.
✅ The council was established in 1961 under Section 4 of the Advocates Act.
✅ It regulates the bar by establishing norms of professional conduct and etiquette and exercising disciplinary authority over the members.
✅ The Ministry of Law and Justice is responsible for the Bar Council of India.
✅ Every Bar Council so constituted shall be a body corporate having perpetual succession and a common seal with power to acquire and hold property, both movable and immovable, and to contract, and shall by the name of the Bar Council of the High Court for which it has been constituted sue and be sued.
✅ Meetings are held regularly to ensure the smooth functioning of BCI.

Functions:

✅ To establish guidelines for advocates' professional conduct and decorum.
✅ To establish a mechanism for its disciplinary committee and the disciplinary committees of each state bar council to follow.
✅ To protect advocates' rights, privileges, and interests.
✅ To encourage and assist the reform of the legal system.
✅ To deal with and resolve any problem that a State Bar Council may refer to it.
✅ To promote legal education and establish legal education standards. This is done in collaboration with Indian universities that offer legal education as well as state bar councils.
✅ To recognize universities that offer a law degree as a prerequisite for becoming an advocate. The Bar Council of India inspects and visits universities, or directs the State Bar Councils to do so.
✅ Seminars and discussions on legal themes by famous jurists will be held, and journals and papers of legal relevance will be published.
✅ To organize poor people's legal aid.
✅ Recognize foreign legal qualifications gained outside of India for the purpose of admission as an advocate in India on a reciprocal basis.
✅ To manage and invest the Bar Council's funds.
✅ To make provisions for the election of persons who will lead the Bar Councils.
✅The Bar Council of India can also set up funds for the following purposes: providing financial support for welfare initiatives for the destitute, disabled, and other advocates, providing legal aid, and establishing law libraries.

Que.With reference to India, consider the following statements: (UPSC 2022)

1. Government law officers and legal firms are recognised as advocates, but corporate lawyers and patent
attorneys are excluded from recognition as advocates.
2. Bar Councils have the power to lay down the rules relating to legal education and recognition of law colleges.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

#polity

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MPSC has announced date for prelims , 1st December

Golakhnath vs State of Punjab, 1967.

Indus script deciphered and it is opined that it has evolved into Brahmi script

Link for the research paper of August 2024 : https://www.academia.edu/78867798/Deciphering_Indus_script_as_a_cryptogram
Shared by: @patriot_saint

CAPF AC 2024 written result is out

🔆 Goods and Services Tax (GST) :

✅ Introduced - 101st Constitution Amendment Act, 2016
✅ Slogan -  ‘One Nation One Tax’.
✅ Legislative Basis :
🔸️In India, GST Bill was first introduced in 2014 as The Constitution (122nd Amendment) Bill.
🔸️This got an approval in 2016 and was renumbered in the statute by Rajya Sabha as The Constitution (101 Amendment) Act, 2016.
✅ Subsumed Indirect Taxes - Excise duty, Value Added Tax (VAT), Service tax, Luxury tax etc.
✅ 4-Tier Tax Structure - 5%, 12%, 18% and 28%.
✅ Components 4️⃣ : Central GST (CGST), State GST (SGST), Union Territories GST (UTGST), and Integrated GST (IGST).

⭕️ The Goods and Services Tax Council :

✅️ Constitutional body , Article 279A
✅️ Secretariat - New Delhi
✅️ Chairperson - The Union Finance Minister
✅️ Members :
🔸The Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance
🔸The Minister in charge of Finance or Taxation or any other Minister nominated by each state government
✅️ Vice -Chairperson - Council from the States have to choose one amongst themselves as the Vice-Chairperson of the Council.

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🔆 CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION (CWC) :
✅ Premier Technical Organization of India in the field of Water Resources
✅ Attached Office of the Ministry of Jal Shakti
✅ Under Department of Water Resources, River Development, and Ganga Rejuvenation
✅ Headquarters - New Delhi
✅ Background - Previously known as the Central Waterways, Irrigation, and Navigation Commission (CWINC)
✅ Formed - 1945 , On The Recommendation of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
✅ Chairman - Ex-Officio Secretary to the Government of India.
✅ Constitutes : 3️⃣ Wings
🔸️ Designs and Research (D&R) Wing
🔸️ River Management (RM) Wing 
🔸️ Water Planning and Projects (WP&P) Wing
✅ Function - Responsible for the management & Utilization of water resources in the country. This includes creating and coordinating strategies for the use, conservation, and regulation of water resources. 

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🔆Goa Maritime Symposium 2024

✅The Indian Navy is hosting the fifth edition of the Goa Maritime Symposium at Naval War College, Goa.

✅It is a forum for fostering collaborative thinking, cooperation, and mutual understanding between India and key maritime nations of the Indian Ocean Region.

✅Theme: The theme for the event is Common Maritime Security Challenges in the Indian Ocean Region: Progressing Lines of Efforts to Mitigate Dynamic Threats such as illegal and unregulated fishing and other illegal maritime activities.

✅It will be participated by the representatives from 12 Indian Ocean Littoral countries- Bangladesh, Comoros, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Myanmar, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Observers from Kenya and Tanzania

#gs3
#economy

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🔆 Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF)
✅ LIQUIDITY : Readily Available Cash (Banking System)
✅ A Monetary Policy Tool Used In India By The RBI
✅ Introduced : Outcome of the Narasimham Committee on Banking Sector Reforms of 1998.
✅ Components - 2️⃣ :
🔸️Repo (Repurchase Agreement) - This is the rate at which banks can borrow funds from the central bank by selling eligible securities (such as government bonds) with an agreement to repurchase them at a later date.
🔸️ Reverse Repo - This is the rate at which the central bank borrows funds from commercial banks. It serves as a tool for the central bank to absorb excess liquidity from the banking system
✅ Monetary Policy of RBI :
🔸 Decreases the repo rate - Increases Liquidity
🔸 Increases the repo rate - Reduce Liquidity
✅ Significance :
🔸Monetary Policy Implementation
🔸Liquidity Management
🔸Interest Rate Transmission
🔸Financial Market Stability
🔸Crisis Management
➡️ REPO RATE : R%
➡️ REVERSE REPO RATE : R -1%

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🔆Project Akashteer

It is a cutting-edge initiative designed to automate air defense control and reporting processes by digitizing them.

It is developed by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) as part of the 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' initiative.

It aims to deliver an unprecedented level of situational awareness and control for the force to ensure the safety of friendly aircraft and engage hostile aircraft in contested airspace.

It will enable monitoring of low level airspace over the battle areas of Indian Army and effectively control the Ground Based Air Defence Weapon Systems.

📍Sarang systems:

It is an advanced Electronic Support Measure system for helicopters of the Indian Navy.
It is designed and developed indigenously by Defence Electronics Research Laboratory, Hyderabad under the programme Samudrika.

From the book : The kaoboys of R&AW