🔆 The Central Information Commission (CIC) :
✅ Constituted - Under the Right to Information Act, 2005
✅ Members - Chief Information Commissioner, not more than ten Information Commissioners.
✅ Appointment - By President
✅ Status - Statutory Body (Non-Constitutional body)
✅ Headquarters - New Delhi.
✅ Appointment - On The Recommendation of a Committee Consisting of :
🔸The Prime Minister as the Chairperson,
🔸The Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, and
🔸A Union Cabinet Minister nominated by the Prime Minister.
✅ Not Eligible for Reappointment .
✅ Powers - To Investigate RTI complaints, pass orders for the supply of information, and impose penalties for defaults.
✅ Functions - The Commission is required to receive and inquire into a complaint from any person [Under RTI ACT] :
🔸Who has not been able to submit an information request because of the non-appointment of a Public Information Officer.
🔸Who has been refused information that was requested.
🔸Who has not received a response to his information request within the specified time limits.
🔸Who thinks the fees charged are unreasonable.
🔸Who thinks the information given is incomplete misleading or false.
🔸Any other matter relating to obtaining information.
#polity
#prelims_facts
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_polity_Governance
✅ Constituted - Under the Right to Information Act, 2005
✅ Members - Chief Information Commissioner, not more than ten Information Commissioners.
✅ Appointment - By President
✅ Status - Statutory Body (Non-Constitutional body)
✅ Headquarters - New Delhi.
✅ Appointment - On The Recommendation of a Committee Consisting of :
🔸The Prime Minister as the Chairperson,
🔸The Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, and
🔸A Union Cabinet Minister nominated by the Prime Minister.
✅ Not Eligible for Reappointment .
✅ Powers - To Investigate RTI complaints, pass orders for the supply of information, and impose penalties for defaults.
✅ Functions - The Commission is required to receive and inquire into a complaint from any person [Under RTI ACT] :
🔸Who has not been able to submit an information request because of the non-appointment of a Public Information Officer.
🔸Who has been refused information that was requested.
🔸Who has not received a response to his information request within the specified time limits.
🔸Who thinks the fees charged are unreasonable.
🔸Who thinks the information given is incomplete misleading or false.
🔸Any other matter relating to obtaining information.
#polity
#prelims_facts
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_polity_Governance
👍18❤3👌2
CSP25 250 days time effect
4 × 250 = 1000 hrs
6 × 250 = 1500 hrs
8 × 250 = 2000 hrs
10 × 250 = 2500 hrs
12 × 250 = 3000 hrs
14 × 250 = 3500 hrs
15 × 250 = 3750 hrs
16 × 250 = 4000hrs
Your target?
Join @Anmolvachan1
4 × 250 = 1000 hrs
6 × 250 = 1500 hrs
8 × 250 = 2000 hrs
10 × 250 = 2500 hrs
12 × 250 = 3000 hrs
14 × 250 = 3500 hrs
15 × 250 = 3750 hrs
16 × 250 = 4000hrs
Your target?
Join @Anmolvachan1
❤30🔥8👍6
#Goodmorning
⏳ 3 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳68 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov
⏳250 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳339 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 40 days UPPSC/OPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 96 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
⏳61 days 70th BPSC prelims ( 17 Nov )
⏳ 33 days Gpsc mains ( 20 Oct )
⏳ 34 days TGPSC/MPPSC mains (21 Oct)
⏳ 60 days UKPSC mains ( 16 nov)
⏳ 138 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
⏳ 3 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳68 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov
⏳250 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳339 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 40 days UPPSC/OPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 96 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
⏳61 days 70th BPSC prelims ( 17 Nov )
⏳ 33 days Gpsc mains ( 20 Oct )
⏳ 34 days TGPSC/MPPSC mains (21 Oct)
⏳ 60 days UKPSC mains ( 16 nov)
⏳ 138 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
❤9👍6🔥1
INDUS-X Summit:
✅It was launched in 2023 during the state visit of the Prime Minister of India to the USA.
✅Objective: To expand strategic technology partnerships and defense industrial cooperation between governments, businesses, and academic institutions in India and the US.
✅INDUS X will be a defence innovation bridge, which will inter-alia, include Joint Challenges, Joint Innovation Fund, Academia engagement, Industry-startup connect, investment by private entities in defence projects, mentoring by experts and niche technology projects etc.
✅It will focus on advancing high-tech cooperation and fostering joint research, development and production opportunities in the defence sector.
✅The initiative aims to explore possibilities for co-producing jet engines, long-range artillery and infantry vehicles.
✅The INDUS-X initiative is being steered by Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) on behalf of Ministry of Defence and Defence Innovation Unit (DIU) under the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD).
✅It was launched in 2023 during the state visit of the Prime Minister of India to the USA.
✅Objective: To expand strategic technology partnerships and defense industrial cooperation between governments, businesses, and academic institutions in India and the US.
✅INDUS X will be a defence innovation bridge, which will inter-alia, include Joint Challenges, Joint Innovation Fund, Academia engagement, Industry-startup connect, investment by private entities in defence projects, mentoring by experts and niche technology projects etc.
✅It will focus on advancing high-tech cooperation and fostering joint research, development and production opportunities in the defence sector.
✅The initiative aims to explore possibilities for co-producing jet engines, long-range artillery and infantry vehicles.
✅The INDUS-X initiative is being steered by Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) on behalf of Ministry of Defence and Defence Innovation Unit (DIU) under the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD).
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5_6291747508020318201.pdf
144 KB
RAS Pre 2024 syllabus
🔆 SUPREME COURT :
✅ President Droupadi Murmu unveiled the new flag and insignia of the Supreme Court of India during the two-day National Conference of District Judiciary held at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi.
✅ Commemorating the 75th anniversary of the Supreme Court's establishment.
✅ Designed By -National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT), Delhi.
✅ The New Flag is Blue & Prominently Features The Ashoka Chakra, The Supreme Court Building,& The Constitution of India.
✅ The insignia includes the phrase "Yato Dharmastato Jayah" inscribed in Devanagari script, which translates to "Where there is Dharma, there is victory.
#polity
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_polity_Governance
✅ President Droupadi Murmu unveiled the new flag and insignia of the Supreme Court of India during the two-day National Conference of District Judiciary held at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi.
✅ Commemorating the 75th anniversary of the Supreme Court's establishment.
✅ Designed By -National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT), Delhi.
✅ The New Flag is Blue & Prominently Features The Ashoka Chakra, The Supreme Court Building,& The Constitution of India.
✅ The insignia includes the phrase "Yato Dharmastato Jayah" inscribed in Devanagari script, which translates to "Where there is Dharma, there is victory.
#polity
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_polity_Governance
❤10👍9
🔆Tribal Art in India:
Diverse array of expressions reflecting lives, beliefs, and customs.
• Examples:
✅ Warli Art (Maharashtra) : Simple geometric shapes depicting harmony with nature.
✅ Gond Art (Central India) : Vibrant hues, intricate patterns, rich mythology.
✅ Madhubani Painting (Bihar) : Intricate motifs, bold colors, scenes from mythology.
✅ Pattachitra Art (Odisha) : Mythological narratives on cloth or palm leaves.
✅ Santhal Art (Eastern India) : Earthy tones, tribal motifs using natural materials.
✅ Saura Painting (Odisha) : Vibrant colors, geometric patterns, depicting deities and myths.
✅ Bhil Art (Rajasthan & Madhya Pradesh) : Folkore, rituals, nature, animals, deities.
✅ Phad Painting (Rajasthan) : Stories of deities, heroes, and legends on large scrolls.
✅ Pithora Painting (Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh) : Ritualistic art for blessings.
✅ Toda Embroidery (Tamil Nadu) : Geometric patterns using natural materials.
#mains
#GS1
Join @CSE_EXAM
Diverse array of expressions reflecting lives, beliefs, and customs.
• Examples:
✅ Warli Art (Maharashtra) : Simple geometric shapes depicting harmony with nature.
✅ Gond Art (Central India) : Vibrant hues, intricate patterns, rich mythology.
✅ Madhubani Painting (Bihar) : Intricate motifs, bold colors, scenes from mythology.
✅ Pattachitra Art (Odisha) : Mythological narratives on cloth or palm leaves.
✅ Santhal Art (Eastern India) : Earthy tones, tribal motifs using natural materials.
✅ Saura Painting (Odisha) : Vibrant colors, geometric patterns, depicting deities and myths.
✅ Bhil Art (Rajasthan & Madhya Pradesh) : Folkore, rituals, nature, animals, deities.
✅ Phad Painting (Rajasthan) : Stories of deities, heroes, and legends on large scrolls.
✅ Pithora Painting (Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh) : Ritualistic art for blessings.
✅ Toda Embroidery (Tamil Nadu) : Geometric patterns using natural materials.
#mains
#GS1
Join @CSE_EXAM
👍20❤1
Any body who is too much stressed or confused should read this again and again.....I got all my answers..Try this..
A rare conversation between Krishna & Today's Arjun. Read it loud to family, it's one of the best message I have come across...
1. Arjun :- I can’t find free time. Life has become hectic.
Krishna:- Activity gets you busy. But productivity gets you free.
2. Arjun :- Why has life become complicated now?
Krishna :- Stop analyzing life... It makes it complicated. Just live it.
3. Arjun :- Why are we then constantly unhappy?
Krishna :- Worrying has become your habit. That’s why you are not happy.
4. Arjun :- Why do good people always suffer?
Krishna :- Diamond cannot be polished without friction. Gold cannot be purified without fire. Good people go through trials, but don’t suffer.With that experience their life becomes better, not bitter.
5. Arjun :- You mean to say such experience is useful?
Krishna :- Yes. In every term, Experience is a hard teacher. It gives the test first and the lessons later.
6. Arjun :- Because of so many problems, we don’t know where we are heading…
Krishna:- If you look outside you will not know where you are heading. Look inside. Eyes provide sight. Heart provides the way.
7. Arjun :- Does failure hurt more than moving in the right direction?
Krishna:- Success is a measure as decided by others. Satisfaction is a measure as decided by you.
8. Arjun :- In tough times, how do you stay motivated?
Krishna :- Always look at how far you have come rather than how far you have to go. Always count your blessing, not what you are missing.
9. Arjun :- What surprises you about people?
Krishna :- When they suffer they ask, "why me?" When they prosper, they never ask "Why me?"
10. Arjun :- How can I get the best out of life?
Krishna:- Face your past without regret. Handle your present with confidence. Prepare for the future without fear.
11. Arjun :- One last question. Sometimes I feel my prayers are not answered.
Krishna:- There are no unanswered prayers. Keep the faith and drop the fear. Life is a mystery to solve, not a problem to resolve. Trust me. Life is wonderful if you know how to live.
#geeta
Join @ANMOLVACHAN1
A rare conversation between Krishna & Today's Arjun. Read it loud to family, it's one of the best message I have come across...
1. Arjun :- I can’t find free time. Life has become hectic.
Krishna:- Activity gets you busy. But productivity gets you free.
2. Arjun :- Why has life become complicated now?
Krishna :- Stop analyzing life... It makes it complicated. Just live it.
3. Arjun :- Why are we then constantly unhappy?
Krishna :- Worrying has become your habit. That’s why you are not happy.
4. Arjun :- Why do good people always suffer?
Krishna :- Diamond cannot be polished without friction. Gold cannot be purified without fire. Good people go through trials, but don’t suffer.With that experience their life becomes better, not bitter.
5. Arjun :- You mean to say such experience is useful?
Krishna :- Yes. In every term, Experience is a hard teacher. It gives the test first and the lessons later.
6. Arjun :- Because of so many problems, we don’t know where we are heading…
Krishna:- If you look outside you will not know where you are heading. Look inside. Eyes provide sight. Heart provides the way.
7. Arjun :- Does failure hurt more than moving in the right direction?
Krishna:- Success is a measure as decided by others. Satisfaction is a measure as decided by you.
8. Arjun :- In tough times, how do you stay motivated?
Krishna :- Always look at how far you have come rather than how far you have to go. Always count your blessing, not what you are missing.
9. Arjun :- What surprises you about people?
Krishna :- When they suffer they ask, "why me?" When they prosper, they never ask "Why me?"
10. Arjun :- How can I get the best out of life?
Krishna:- Face your past without regret. Handle your present with confidence. Prepare for the future without fear.
11. Arjun :- One last question. Sometimes I feel my prayers are not answered.
Krishna:- There are no unanswered prayers. Keep the faith and drop the fear. Life is a mystery to solve, not a problem to resolve. Trust me. Life is wonderful if you know how to live.
#geeta
Join @ANMOLVACHAN1
❤42👍17🔥5🙏3❤🔥1
#Goodmorning
⏳ 2 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳67 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov
⏳249 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳338 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 39 days UPPSC/OPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 95 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
⏳60 days 70th BPSC prelims ( 17 Nov )
⏳ 32 days Gpsc mains ( 20 Oct )
⏳ 33 days TGPSC/MPPSC mains (21 Oct)
⏳ 59 days UKPSC mains ( 16 nov)
⏳ 137 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
⏳ 2 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳67 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov
⏳249 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳338 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 39 days UPPSC/OPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 95 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
⏳60 days 70th BPSC prelims ( 17 Nov )
⏳ 32 days Gpsc mains ( 20 Oct )
⏳ 33 days TGPSC/MPPSC mains (21 Oct)
⏳ 59 days UKPSC mains ( 16 nov)
⏳ 137 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
👍10❤5
🔆Sarpanch Patis
✅Parliamentary Standing Committee on Rural Development and Panchayati Raj has recommended for empowering elected women to remove ‘Sarpanch Patis’.
✅ World Economic Forum (WEF) will consider the participation of women at panchayat level to rank countries in its future global gender gap reports
✅ Women & men in India report 2022- 46% elected representatives at panchayat level are women.
▪️Problems faced by Women ERs :
✅ Low financial and digital literacy.
✅ Lack of adequate information about their rights and responsibilities.
✅ Inadequate managerial experience.
✅ Social barriers placed by traditional orthodox and parochial society etc.
✅Key recommendations
🔸 Training and capacity building to curb prevalent concepts like Sarpanch Pati or Pradhan Pati (husbands )
🔸 Financially empower women
🔸 Bring attitudinal change in both men and women.
#gs1
#gs2
#society
#social_issues
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_society_gs
✅Parliamentary Standing Committee on Rural Development and Panchayati Raj has recommended for empowering elected women to remove ‘Sarpanch Patis’.
✅ World Economic Forum (WEF) will consider the participation of women at panchayat level to rank countries in its future global gender gap reports
✅ Women & men in India report 2022- 46% elected representatives at panchayat level are women.
▪️Problems faced by Women ERs :
✅ Low financial and digital literacy.
✅ Lack of adequate information about their rights and responsibilities.
✅ Inadequate managerial experience.
✅ Social barriers placed by traditional orthodox and parochial society etc.
✅Key recommendations
🔸 Training and capacity building to curb prevalent concepts like Sarpanch Pati or Pradhan Pati (husbands )
🔸 Financially empower women
🔸 Bring attitudinal change in both men and women.
#gs1
#gs2
#society
#social_issues
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_society_gs
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#Goodmorning
⏳ Tomorrow CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳66 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov
⏳248 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳337 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 38 days UPPSC/OPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 94 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
⏳59 days 70th BPSC prelims ( 17 Nov )
⏳ 31 days Gpsc mains ( 20 Oct )
⏳ 32 days TGPSC/MPPSC mains (21 Oct)
⏳ 58 days UKPSC mains ( 16 nov)
⏳ 136 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
⏳ Tomorrow CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳66 days IFoS Mains 2024 ( 24 nov
⏳248 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳337 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ 38 days UPPSC/OPSC prelims 2024 ( 27 Oct )
⏳ 94 days UPPSC RO/ARO prelims ( 22 DEC)
⏳59 days 70th BPSC prelims ( 17 Nov )
⏳ 31 days Gpsc mains ( 20 Oct )
⏳ 32 days TGPSC/MPPSC mains (21 Oct)
⏳ 58 days UKPSC mains ( 16 nov)
⏳ 136 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
Join @anmolvachan1
👍6❤5
World Food India 2024: India’s Premier Food Innovation Event
🔹 Showcasing Global Investment Opportunities and Culinary Excellence from September 19-22, 2024
🔹 Aimed at becoming the largest event for the food processing and allied sectors in India, this prestigious gathering will bring together industry leaders from across the globe
🔹 The Government of India initiated the inaugural World Food India event in 2017 with the dual aim of showcasing India’s rich culinary traditions and encouraging investments in the country’s diverse food processing sector.
🔹 Showcasing Global Investment Opportunities and Culinary Excellence from September 19-22, 2024
🔹 Aimed at becoming the largest event for the food processing and allied sectors in India, this prestigious gathering will bring together industry leaders from across the globe
🔹 The Government of India initiated the inaugural World Food India event in 2017 with the dual aim of showcasing India’s rich culinary traditions and encouraging investments in the country’s diverse food processing sector.
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Rapa Nui:
✅Rapa Nui, also known as Easter Island, is a Chilean dependency in the southeastern Pacific Ocean.
✅It is the easternmost outpost of the Polynesian island world.
✅It is situated about 3,540 km to the west of Chile and about 1,900 km to the east of Pitcairn Island.
✅Covering a total area of 163.6 sq.km., it is one of the most remote inhabited places in the world.
✅It is a small, triangular-shaped volcanic island. It is about 24 km in length and has a maximum width of about 12 km at its widest point.
✅It faces a tropical rainforest climate.
✅UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site on March 22, 1996, and major parts of the island have been protected under the Rapa Nui National Park.
What are Moai Statues?
✅Rapa Nui is famous for its large statues called moai.
✅They are shaped like large human heads and erected on stone pedestals.
✅They are famous for their carved heads and "Pukao," a hat-like covering made from a soft red stone.
✅Some moai stand 40 feet tall and weigh 75 tonnes.
✅They were carved in volcanic stone at quarries and then moved to their current locations across the island.
✅Scholars believe the Rapa Nui people built the moai between the 13th and the 16th centuries and represented their revered ancestors.
✅Over 900 moai have been found on the island to date.
#geography
#prelims
Join @CSE_EXAM
@Mapping_prelims_mains
✅Rapa Nui, also known as Easter Island, is a Chilean dependency in the southeastern Pacific Ocean.
✅It is the easternmost outpost of the Polynesian island world.
✅It is situated about 3,540 km to the west of Chile and about 1,900 km to the east of Pitcairn Island.
✅Covering a total area of 163.6 sq.km., it is one of the most remote inhabited places in the world.
✅It is a small, triangular-shaped volcanic island. It is about 24 km in length and has a maximum width of about 12 km at its widest point.
✅It faces a tropical rainforest climate.
✅UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site on March 22, 1996, and major parts of the island have been protected under the Rapa Nui National Park.
What are Moai Statues?
✅Rapa Nui is famous for its large statues called moai.
✅They are shaped like large human heads and erected on stone pedestals.
✅They are famous for their carved heads and "Pukao," a hat-like covering made from a soft red stone.
✅Some moai stand 40 feet tall and weigh 75 tonnes.
✅They were carved in volcanic stone at quarries and then moved to their current locations across the island.
✅Scholars believe the Rapa Nui people built the moai between the 13th and the 16th centuries and represented their revered ancestors.
✅Over 900 moai have been found on the island to date.
#geography
#prelims
Join @CSE_EXAM
@Mapping_prelims_mains
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🔆Hydrogen:
✅Hydrogen is the lightest chemical element.
✅It is colourless, odourless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible.
✅It is the 3rd most abundant element in the human body.
✅The two most abundant elements in human body are Oxygen and Carbon.
✅Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all normal matter.
✅Hydrogen can be produced from a range of resources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, biomass and renewable energy sources.
✅Hydrogen is the lightest chemical element.
✅It is colourless, odourless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible.
✅It is the 3rd most abundant element in the human body.
✅The two most abundant elements in human body are Oxygen and Carbon.
✅Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all normal matter.
✅Hydrogen can be produced from a range of resources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, biomass and renewable energy sources.
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🔆MARINE POLLUTION :
✅Marine pollution is a combination of chemicals and trash, the majority of which originates on land and is washed or blown into the ocean. This pollution harms the environment, the health of all organisms, and global economic structures.
CAUSES OF MARINE POLLUTION :
✅Sewage and pollutants flowing through sewage systems, rivers, and drains directly contribute to ocean pollution.
✅ Toxic Chemicals from Industries: Direct discharge of industrial waste into oceans.
✅ Runoff from land-based sources, including agricultural fields and urban areas, accounts for approximately 80% of marine pollution.
✅ Large Scale Oil Spills: Pollution from ships, particularly oil spills, poses a significant threat.
✅ Ocean Mining: Mining operations in the ocean for minerals like silver, gold, and copper create sulfide deposits,
affecting marine ecosystems.
✅Deoxygenation Causes: Factors like eutrophication from nutrient runoff, nitrogen deposition from fossil fuel burning, and ocean warming contribute to deoxygenation.
EFFECTS OF MARINE POLLUTION
✅Long-term exposure to toxic wastes on animals can lead to cancer, reproductive system failure, and behavioral changes in marine life.
✅Disruption to the Cycle of Coral Reefs: Oil spills can float on the water's surface, blocking sunlight and hindering photosynthesis in marine plants, impacting coral reef health.
✅ Depletion of Oxygen Content in Water: Reduced oxygen levels in water decrease the survival chances of marine animals like whales, turtles, sharks, dolphins, and penguins.
✅ Eutrophication: Excessive nutrients lead to algal blooms, depleting oxygen levels and harming aquatic ecosystems.
✅ Failure in the Reproductive System of Sea Animals: Pesticide chemicals accumulating in the fatty tissue of animals can disrupt their reproductive systems.
✅ Effect on Food Chain: Small animals ingest pollutants, passing them up the food chain to larger animals, leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification.
GLOBAL INITIATIVES
INDIAN INITIATIVES :
#environment
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@Upsc_4_environment
✅Marine pollution is a combination of chemicals and trash, the majority of which originates on land and is washed or blown into the ocean. This pollution harms the environment, the health of all organisms, and global economic structures.
CAUSES OF MARINE POLLUTION :
✅Sewage and pollutants flowing through sewage systems, rivers, and drains directly contribute to ocean pollution.
✅ Toxic Chemicals from Industries: Direct discharge of industrial waste into oceans.
✅ Runoff from land-based sources, including agricultural fields and urban areas, accounts for approximately 80% of marine pollution.
✅ Large Scale Oil Spills: Pollution from ships, particularly oil spills, poses a significant threat.
✅ Ocean Mining: Mining operations in the ocean for minerals like silver, gold, and copper create sulfide deposits,
affecting marine ecosystems.
✅Deoxygenation Causes: Factors like eutrophication from nutrient runoff, nitrogen deposition from fossil fuel burning, and ocean warming contribute to deoxygenation.
EFFECTS OF MARINE POLLUTION
✅Long-term exposure to toxic wastes on animals can lead to cancer, reproductive system failure, and behavioral changes in marine life.
✅Disruption to the Cycle of Coral Reefs: Oil spills can float on the water's surface, blocking sunlight and hindering photosynthesis in marine plants, impacting coral reef health.
✅ Depletion of Oxygen Content in Water: Reduced oxygen levels in water decrease the survival chances of marine animals like whales, turtles, sharks, dolphins, and penguins.
✅ Eutrophication: Excessive nutrients lead to algal blooms, depleting oxygen levels and harming aquatic ecosystems.
✅ Failure in the Reproductive System of Sea Animals: Pesticide chemicals accumulating in the fatty tissue of animals can disrupt their reproductive systems.
✅ Effect on Food Chain: Small animals ingest pollutants, passing them up the food chain to larger animals, leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification.
GLOBAL INITIATIVES
✅ The Global Programme of Action (GPA) for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities is the only global intergovernmental mechanism directly addressing the connectivity between terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems.
✅ MARPOL Convention (1973): It covers pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes.
✅ The London Convention (1972): Its objective is to promote the effective control of all sources of marine pollution and to take all practicable steps to prevent pollution of the sea by the dumping of wastes and other matter.
✅ Greenpeace: It is an environmental NGO that is dedicated to conserving the oceans and marine life across the globe.
INDIAN INITIATIVES :
✅ Separate Collection & Storage: The rules also require local governments to provide separate collection, storage, and processing of plastic waste in their jurisdictions.
✅Phasing Out Single-Use Plastics: The Government has set an aggressive goal of phasing out single-use plastics by 2022.
✅ India is signatory to the MARPOL Treaty.
✅ Merchant Shipping Rules, 2009: Furthermore, the Merchant Shipping Rules, 2009, enacted under the Merchant Shipping Act, of 1958, address the prevention of marine pollution.
#environment
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@Upsc_4_environment
❤3👍2🙏1
Check list for CSE-Mains Exam Essentials starting from tomorrow-
1. ADMIT card
2. Photo I card mentioned in Admit card
3. Exam pad - to avoid bad bench in worst case (not necessary)
4. Black ball pen - to fill Attendance Sheet details
5. Own pen - 2 pen minimum plus 2 types also - to deal with all type of exigencies
6. Water bottle
7. SIMPLE WRIST WATCH
8. Chocolates for instant energy before exam (I don’t personally recommend them but some people rely on them)
9. One-two photos if your admit card photo is not clear.
10. Minimal cash + Common Sense + positive attitude.
This would be first day of this years cycle, make sure you reach your examination centre a bit early (will help you in coming days). Infact, visit your exam centre today evening only. Entry closes 30mins before commencement of exam. Be on time.
Keep your last minute flash notes with you.
Best wishes comrades,
#SabHongeKamyaabEkDin #Sharing_is_Caring 😊🙏
1. ADMIT card
2. Photo I card mentioned in Admit card
3. Exam pad - to avoid bad bench in worst case (not necessary)
4. Black ball pen - to fill Attendance Sheet details
5. Own pen - 2 pen minimum plus 2 types also - to deal with all type of exigencies
6. Water bottle
7. SIMPLE WRIST WATCH
8. Chocolates for instant energy before exam (I don’t personally recommend them but some people rely on them)
9. One-two photos if your admit card photo is not clear.
10. Minimal cash + Common Sense + positive attitude.
This would be first day of this years cycle, make sure you reach your examination centre a bit early (will help you in coming days). Infact, visit your exam centre today evening only. Entry closes 30mins before commencement of exam. Be on time.
Keep your last minute flash notes with you.
Best wishes comrades,
#SabHongeKamyaabEkDin #Sharing_is_Caring 😊🙏
👍22