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Composition of the Cabinet Committees.pdf
1.9 MB
Cabinet Committees
✅Mandate: They are an organizational device to reduce the enormous workload of the Cabinet. They also facilitate in-depth examination of policy issues and effective coordination.
✅Membership: They usually include only Cabinet Ministers. However, the non-cabinet Ministers are not debarred from their membership.
The Eight Cabinet Committees are;
✅ Appointments Committee of the Cabinet
✅ Cabinet Committee on Accommodation-Home Minister
✅ Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
✅ Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs- Defence Minister.
✅ Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs
✅ Cabinet Committee on Security
✅ Cabinet Committee on Investment and Growth
✅ Cabinet Committee on Skill, Employment and Livelihood
Six Committees are headed by Prime Minister of India, Except Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs (by Defence Minister) and Cabinet Committee on Accommodation (Home Minister).
#polity
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✅Mandate: They are an organizational device to reduce the enormous workload of the Cabinet. They also facilitate in-depth examination of policy issues and effective coordination.
✅Membership: They usually include only Cabinet Ministers. However, the non-cabinet Ministers are not debarred from their membership.
The Eight Cabinet Committees are;
✅ Appointments Committee of the Cabinet
✅ Cabinet Committee on Accommodation-Home Minister
✅ Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
✅ Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs- Defence Minister.
✅ Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs
✅ Cabinet Committee on Security
✅ Cabinet Committee on Investment and Growth
✅ Cabinet Committee on Skill, Employment and Livelihood
Six Committees are headed by Prime Minister of India, Except Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs (by Defence Minister) and Cabinet Committee on Accommodation (Home Minister).
#polity
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@PIB_UPSC
@upsc_polity_Governance
#Goodmorning
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FR-CAPF-23-engl-050724 (1).pdf
207.6 KB
UPSC CAPF Final Result 2023
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⏳ -86 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
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IMG_20240705_182214.jpg
924.1 KB
Palm Trees
✅Odisha plans to plant 1.9 million palm trees and restrict cutting to reduce lightning deaths, targeting areas heavily affected during pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons.
✅Palm is any member of the Arecaceae, or Palmae, a single family of monocotyledonous flowering plants of the order Arecales.
✅These evergreen plants can grow in the form of shrubs, trees, or long, woody vines called lianas.
✅Distribution: The great centres of palm distribution are in America and in Asia, from India to Japan and south to Australia and the islands of the Pacific and Indian oceans, with Africa and Madagascaras a third but much less important palm region.
✅They are characterized by a tall, unbranched stem or, rarely, by a dichotomous branching stem (Hyphaene), and of the same diameter all along from base to top; at the apex, they bear a rosette consisting of coriaceous, either palmate or pinnate, leaves, up to some meters long.
✅Palmate leaves, like hands, grow in a bunch at the end of a stem. Pinnate leaves are like feathers, growing all along either side of a stem.
✅Though many species of palms are sturdy and plentiful, as many as 100 species are endangered due to deforestation and unsustainable cultivation practices, such as for the heart of palm, which comes from a part of the tree that cannot be regrown.
✅The palms with the greatest importance in world commerce are the coconut and the African oil palm(Elaeis guineensis); both are prime sources of vegetable oil and fat.
✅The rarest palm tree is the Hyophorbe amaricaulis. The only one left currently lives at the Botanic Gardens of Curepipe in Mauritius.
#environment
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✅Odisha plans to plant 1.9 million palm trees and restrict cutting to reduce lightning deaths, targeting areas heavily affected during pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons.
✅Palm is any member of the Arecaceae, or Palmae, a single family of monocotyledonous flowering plants of the order Arecales.
✅These evergreen plants can grow in the form of shrubs, trees, or long, woody vines called lianas.
✅Distribution: The great centres of palm distribution are in America and in Asia, from India to Japan and south to Australia and the islands of the Pacific and Indian oceans, with Africa and Madagascaras a third but much less important palm region.
✅They are characterized by a tall, unbranched stem or, rarely, by a dichotomous branching stem (Hyphaene), and of the same diameter all along from base to top; at the apex, they bear a rosette consisting of coriaceous, either palmate or pinnate, leaves, up to some meters long.
✅Palmate leaves, like hands, grow in a bunch at the end of a stem. Pinnate leaves are like feathers, growing all along either side of a stem.
✅Though many species of palms are sturdy and plentiful, as many as 100 species are endangered due to deforestation and unsustainable cultivation practices, such as for the heart of palm, which comes from a part of the tree that cannot be regrown.
✅The palms with the greatest importance in world commerce are the coconut and the African oil palm(Elaeis guineensis); both are prime sources of vegetable oil and fat.
✅The rarest palm tree is the Hyophorbe amaricaulis. The only one left currently lives at the Botanic Gardens of Curepipe in Mauritius.
#environment
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@Upsc_4_environment
🔆SCHEDULED TRIBES
✅According to 2011 census, the population of ST is 104.3 million and comprises 8.6% of total population.
Empowerment schemes and programmes ;
✅ The Ministry of Tribal Affairs is implementing two Special Programmes viz. Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Plan (SCA to TSP) and Grants under Article 275(1) of the Constitution of India.
✅ The SCA to TSP is meant for filling up critical gaps in the family-based income- generating activities of TSP and to cover employment-cum -income generation activities and infrastructure incidental thereto.
✅ Special Central Assistance (SCA) is provided by the Ministry of tribal Affairs to the State Government as an additive to the state.
✅ Eklavya Model Residential School: establishing quality residential schools for the promotion of education in all areas and habitations in the country for ST students.
✅ Vocational Training Centres in Tribal Areas: The main aim of this scheme is to upgrade the skills of the tribal youth in various vocations to enable them gain suitable employment or enable them to become self-employed.
Critical Evaluation of welfare schemes :
✅ In spite of a large number of welfare schemes for SC and ST population, little progress is seen in the last six decades.
✅ Financial incentives and reservations bestow little real benefit to them.
✅ Quality of education is an issue as well. Quality of education has been described by many as unrelated to their lifestyle and thus being questioned.
✅ Efforts need to be made to induct them into new ethos of learning and inculcate verbal and non-verbal skills.
✅ Efforts need to be made to address the drop-out rates and attendance issues among the SC and ST students.
#gs1
#society
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✅According to 2011 census, the population of ST is 104.3 million and comprises 8.6% of total population.
Empowerment schemes and programmes ;
✅ The Ministry of Tribal Affairs is implementing two Special Programmes viz. Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Plan (SCA to TSP) and Grants under Article 275(1) of the Constitution of India.
✅ The SCA to TSP is meant for filling up critical gaps in the family-based income- generating activities of TSP and to cover employment-cum -income generation activities and infrastructure incidental thereto.
✅ Special Central Assistance (SCA) is provided by the Ministry of tribal Affairs to the State Government as an additive to the state.
✅ Eklavya Model Residential School: establishing quality residential schools for the promotion of education in all areas and habitations in the country for ST students.
✅ Vocational Training Centres in Tribal Areas: The main aim of this scheme is to upgrade the skills of the tribal youth in various vocations to enable them gain suitable employment or enable them to become self-employed.
Critical Evaluation of welfare schemes :
✅ In spite of a large number of welfare schemes for SC and ST population, little progress is seen in the last six decades.
✅ Financial incentives and reservations bestow little real benefit to them.
✅ Quality of education is an issue as well. Quality of education has been described by many as unrelated to their lifestyle and thus being questioned.
✅ Efforts need to be made to induct them into new ethos of learning and inculcate verbal and non-verbal skills.
✅ Efforts need to be made to address the drop-out rates and attendance issues among the SC and ST students.
#gs1
#society
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_society_gs
#Goodmorning
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🔆Responsible AI for All (RAI) on Facial Recognition Technology (FRT)
✅By NITI Aayog
✅This White paper examines Facial Recognition Technology (FRT) under NITI Aayog’s RAI principles to establish a framework for its responsible and safe use in India.
✅FRT identifies or verifies individuals using AI algorithms based on images or videos. It performs three main functions:
🔸facial detection,
🔸 facial extraction, and
🔸 facial recognition.
✅Applications include security (surveillance, law enforcement) and non-security uses (contactless services, authentication).
✅Recommendations for responsible FRT use emphasize the need for robust data protection to ensure privacy and security. It is crucial to implement measures that ensure transparency and address AI biases to uphold accountability.
#Government_schemes
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✅By NITI Aayog
✅This White paper examines Facial Recognition Technology (FRT) under NITI Aayog’s RAI principles to establish a framework for its responsible and safe use in India.
✅FRT identifies or verifies individuals using AI algorithms based on images or videos. It performs three main functions:
🔸facial detection,
🔸 facial extraction, and
🔸 facial recognition.
✅Applications include security (surveillance, law enforcement) and non-security uses (contactless services, authentication).
✅Recommendations for responsible FRT use emphasize the need for robust data protection to ensure privacy and security. It is crucial to implement measures that ensure transparency and address AI biases to uphold accountability.
#Government_schemes
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@upsc_government_scheme
#Goodmorning
⏳ 74 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
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🔆Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
✅ It is a technology that uses radio waves to automatically identify various tagged objects.
✅A wireless system comprised of two components - tags and readers.
✅Range -- 9 kHz - 300GHz ( read distance depends upon the frequency used ).
✅ It does not require a direct line of sight to be read.
✅ Data stored in an RFID tag can be updated in real time .
▪️ Barcode
✅ It is a printed series of parallel bars or lines of varying width used for entering data into a computer system.
✅ The bars are black o a white background and vary in width and quantity depending on the application.
✅ These barcodes are scanned using special optical scanners known as barcode readers.
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✅ It is a technology that uses radio waves to automatically identify various tagged objects.
✅A wireless system comprised of two components - tags and readers.
✅Range -- 9 kHz - 300GHz ( read distance depends upon the frequency used ).
✅ It does not require a direct line of sight to be read.
✅ Data stored in an RFID tag can be updated in real time .
▪️ Barcode
✅ It is a printed series of parallel bars or lines of varying width used for entering data into a computer system.
✅ The bars are black o a white background and vary in width and quantity depending on the application.
✅ These barcodes are scanned using special optical scanners known as barcode readers.
Join @CSE_EXAM
#Goodmorning
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⏳ 73 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
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AnsKey-CAPF-AC-2023-GAT-090724.pdf
12.5 MB
CAPF AC 2023
Answer key
Answer key
Forwarded from UPSC previous year paper ( PYQ ) PDF
CAPF2023.pdf
5 MB
#Goodmorning
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#Goodmorning
⏳ 70 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
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CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains)
DAF-I-Notice-CSME-2024-engl-030724.pdf
Important Alert:
Today is the last date to submit DAF-I by 6:00 PM. Those who have qualified for Civil Services (Main) Examination this year please ensure you have filled it.
The candidature of those candidates, who fail to finally submit their DAF-I, complete in all respects, by given time, will be cancelled and they will not be allowed to appear in the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2024.
Thank you
Today is the last date to submit DAF-I by 6:00 PM. Those who have qualified for Civil Services (Main) Examination this year please ensure you have filled it.
The candidature of those candidates, who fail to finally submit their DAF-I, complete in all respects, by given time, will be cancelled and they will not be allowed to appear in the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2024.
Thank you
🔆 Schools of Indian Philosophy
✅During the later Vedic period, definite ideas and philosophies about the true nature of soul or Atman and the cosmic principle or Brahman who represented the ultimate reality were developed.
✅These Vedic philosophical concepts later on gave rise to various schools of philosophies called Shada Darshana.
✅They fall in the category of the orthodox system, as the final authority of the Vedas is recognised by all of them.
✅The orthodox schools of Indian philosophy are as follows:
▪️Samkhya system
✅ Propounded by Kapil Muni, this philosophy holds that reality is constituted of two principles- one female and the other male i.e., Prakriti and Purusha respectively.
✅ It tries to establish a relationship between Purusha and Prakriti to explain the creation of the universe.
▪️Yoga
✅The origin of yoga is found in the Yogasutra of Patanjali believed to have been written in the second century BC.
✅By purifying and controlling changes in the mental mechanism, yoga systematically brings about the release of purusha from prakriti.
✅Yogic techniques control the body, mind and sense organs.
✅Thus, this philosophy is also considered a means of achieving freedom or mukti.
▪️ Nyaya
✅Gautama is said to be the author of the Nyaya Sutras.
✅Nyaya is considered as a
technique of logical thinking.
✅The school holds that there are four valid means of knowledge:
1. perception (pratyaksha),
2. inference (anumana),
3. comparison (upamana), and
4. sound, or testimony
(shabda).
▪️Vaisheshika
✅Kanada wrote the basic text of Vaisheshika philosophy.
✅Vaisheshika system is
considered as the realistic and objective philosophy of the universe.
✅It believes that all objects of the universe are composed of five elements–earth, water, air, fire and ether.
✅Further, God is the guiding principle and the living beings are rewarded or punished according to the law of karma.
▪️Mimamsa
✅Mimamsa philosophy is basically the analysis of interpretation, application and the use of the text of the Samhita and Brahmana portions of the Vedas.
✅According to the philosophy,
Vedas are eternal and possess all knowledge, and religion means the fulfilment of duties prescribed by the Vedas.
▪️ Vedanta
✅Vedanta implies the philosophy of the Upanishad, the concluding portion of the Vedas.
✅It also believes that there is no distinction between the Brahman and the self.
✅Shankaracharya believes that the Brahman is existent, unchanging, the highest truth and the ultimate knowledge.
✅The knowledge of the Brahman is the essence of all things and the ultimate existence.
Apart from these orthodox schools, there are also unorthodox schools of Indian philosophy, such as:
▪️Charvaka/Lokayata :
✅This school does not accept the authority of Vedas.
✅It is a materialistic, sceptical and atheistic school of thought, which believes that there is no other world.
✅Hence, death is the end of humans and pleasure is the ultimate object in life.
▪️Buddhism :
✅ It is a non-theistic philosophy whose tenets are not especially concerned with the existence or non-existence of God.
✅Buddha gave the concept of “four noble truths” and expounded the “ashtangika marg”.
▪️Jainism :
✅A basic principle of Jainism is anekantavada, the idea that reality is perceived differently from different points of view, and that no single point of view is completely true.
✅According to it, only the Kevalins (those who have infinite knowledge) can know the true answer, and all others would only know a part of the answer.
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✅During the later Vedic period, definite ideas and philosophies about the true nature of soul or Atman and the cosmic principle or Brahman who represented the ultimate reality were developed.
✅These Vedic philosophical concepts later on gave rise to various schools of philosophies called Shada Darshana.
✅They fall in the category of the orthodox system, as the final authority of the Vedas is recognised by all of them.
✅The orthodox schools of Indian philosophy are as follows:
▪️Samkhya system
✅ Propounded by Kapil Muni, this philosophy holds that reality is constituted of two principles- one female and the other male i.e., Prakriti and Purusha respectively.
✅ It tries to establish a relationship between Purusha and Prakriti to explain the creation of the universe.
▪️Yoga
✅The origin of yoga is found in the Yogasutra of Patanjali believed to have been written in the second century BC.
✅By purifying and controlling changes in the mental mechanism, yoga systematically brings about the release of purusha from prakriti.
✅Yogic techniques control the body, mind and sense organs.
✅Thus, this philosophy is also considered a means of achieving freedom or mukti.
▪️ Nyaya
✅Gautama is said to be the author of the Nyaya Sutras.
✅Nyaya is considered as a
technique of logical thinking.
✅The school holds that there are four valid means of knowledge:
1. perception (pratyaksha),
2. inference (anumana),
3. comparison (upamana), and
4. sound, or testimony
(shabda).
▪️Vaisheshika
✅Kanada wrote the basic text of Vaisheshika philosophy.
✅Vaisheshika system is
considered as the realistic and objective philosophy of the universe.
✅It believes that all objects of the universe are composed of five elements–earth, water, air, fire and ether.
✅Further, God is the guiding principle and the living beings are rewarded or punished according to the law of karma.
▪️Mimamsa
✅Mimamsa philosophy is basically the analysis of interpretation, application and the use of the text of the Samhita and Brahmana portions of the Vedas.
✅According to the philosophy,
Vedas are eternal and possess all knowledge, and religion means the fulfilment of duties prescribed by the Vedas.
▪️ Vedanta
✅Vedanta implies the philosophy of the Upanishad, the concluding portion of the Vedas.
✅It also believes that there is no distinction between the Brahman and the self.
✅Shankaracharya believes that the Brahman is existent, unchanging, the highest truth and the ultimate knowledge.
✅The knowledge of the Brahman is the essence of all things and the ultimate existence.
Apart from these orthodox schools, there are also unorthodox schools of Indian philosophy, such as:
▪️Charvaka/Lokayata :
✅This school does not accept the authority of Vedas.
✅It is a materialistic, sceptical and atheistic school of thought, which believes that there is no other world.
✅Hence, death is the end of humans and pleasure is the ultimate object in life.
▪️Buddhism :
✅ It is a non-theistic philosophy whose tenets are not especially concerned with the existence or non-existence of God.
✅Buddha gave the concept of “four noble truths” and expounded the “ashtangika marg”.
▪️Jainism :
✅A basic principle of Jainism is anekantavada, the idea that reality is perceived differently from different points of view, and that no single point of view is completely true.
✅According to it, only the Kevalins (those who have infinite knowledge) can know the true answer, and all others would only know a part of the answer.
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