Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains)
Critical Minerals
✅ Definition: Critical Minerals - high economic vulnerability and supply chain risk
✅ Rare Earth (RE): 17 elements, divided into Light REE and Heavy REE
✅ Major Producers: Chile, Indonesia, Congo, China, Australia, South Africa
✅ India's RE Elements: Lanthanum, Cerium, Neodymium, Praseodymium, Samarium
✅ India's Reserve Status: 5th-largest rare earth reserves, double Australia's.
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✅ Definition: Critical Minerals - high economic vulnerability and supply chain risk
✅ Rare Earth (RE): 17 elements, divided into Light REE and Heavy REE
✅ Major Producers: Chile, Indonesia, Congo, China, Australia, South Africa
✅ India's RE Elements: Lanthanum, Cerium, Neodymium, Praseodymium, Samarium
✅ India's Reserve Status: 5th-largest rare earth reserves, double Australia's.
Join @CSE_EXAM
#Goodmorning
⏳13 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 109 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳356 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳445 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -20 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -119 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳13 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 109 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳356 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳445 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -20 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -119 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
#Goodmorning
⏳12 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 108 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳355 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳444 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -19 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -118 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳12 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 108 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳355 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳444 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -19 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -118 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
#Goodmorning
⏳11 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 107 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳354 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳443 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -18 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -117 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳11 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 107 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳354 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳443 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -18 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -117 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
India’s FTA
✅India has signed 13 FTAs with various countries.
🔸These include Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Thailand, Singapore, South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius, United Arab Emirates and Australia.
✅Exports to countries/regions with which India shares trade agreements such as FTAs have registered a growth of 20.75% in the last five years.
Recent developments in FTAs of India:
✅ Innovative design: For the first time, India has included digital trade within the ambit of its FTA with UAE.
✅ Addressing NTBs: Recently, signed FTAs like Australia-India also address the non-tariv barriers (NTBs).
✅ Focus on the services sector: Previous agreements did not pave for a robust trade in services.
✅ Natural trading partners: The trade baskets of these nations show a good degree of complementarity, thus classifying them as natural trading partners.
✅ India-ASEAN FTA: India and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have agreed to conclude the review of the existing FTA in goods by 2025.
#pre_revision
#economy
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@upsc_4_economy
✅India has signed 13 FTAs with various countries.
🔸These include Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Thailand, Singapore, South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius, United Arab Emirates and Australia.
✅Exports to countries/regions with which India shares trade agreements such as FTAs have registered a growth of 20.75% in the last five years.
Recent developments in FTAs of India:
✅ Innovative design: For the first time, India has included digital trade within the ambit of its FTA with UAE.
✅ Addressing NTBs: Recently, signed FTAs like Australia-India also address the non-tariv barriers (NTBs).
✅ Focus on the services sector: Previous agreements did not pave for a robust trade in services.
✅ Natural trading partners: The trade baskets of these nations show a good degree of complementarity, thus classifying them as natural trading partners.
✅ India-ASEAN FTA: India and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have agreed to conclude the review of the existing FTA in goods by 2025.
#pre_revision
#economy
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_economy
Post Mauryan Architecture
✅With the decline of the Mauryan Empire several small dynasties rose to power. Among them, Shungas, Kanvas, Kushanas & Shakas in the north & Satvahanas, Ikshavakus, Abhiras, & Vakatakas in Southern & Western India gained prominence
✅The architecture in the form of rock-cut caves & stupas continued, with each dynasty introducing some unique features of their own
✅Similarly, different schools of sculpture emerged and the art of sculpture reached its climax in the post-Mauryan period
✅The construction of rock caves continued as in the Mauryan period.However, this period saw the development of 2 types of rock caves Chaitya and Viharas. Chaitya was a rectangular prayer hall with a stupa placed in the center, for the purpose of prayer & Viharas were used as the residences of the monks
✅Post Mauryan period stupas became larger.
✅Post Mauryan empire three prominent schools of the sculpture came into prominence in 3 different regions of India namely Gandhara, Mathura & Amravati schools
✅With the decline of the Mauryan Empire several small dynasties rose to power. Among them, Shungas, Kanvas, Kushanas & Shakas in the north & Satvahanas, Ikshavakus, Abhiras, & Vakatakas in Southern & Western India gained prominence
✅The architecture in the form of rock-cut caves & stupas continued, with each dynasty introducing some unique features of their own
✅Similarly, different schools of sculpture emerged and the art of sculpture reached its climax in the post-Mauryan period
✅The construction of rock caves continued as in the Mauryan period.However, this period saw the development of 2 types of rock caves Chaitya and Viharas. Chaitya was a rectangular prayer hall with a stupa placed in the center, for the purpose of prayer & Viharas were used as the residences of the monks
✅Post Mauryan period stupas became larger.
✅Post Mauryan empire three prominent schools of the sculpture came into prominence in 3 different regions of India namely Gandhara, Mathura & Amravati schools
🔆LINGYAATs:
✅ founded by Basava in the 12th century.
✅Lingayat, also called Virashaiva, member of a Hindu sect with a wide following in southern India that worships Shiva as the only deity.
✅The followers take their name (“lingam-wearers”) from the small representations of a lingam, a votary object symbolizing Shiva.
✅ both the men and the women always wear hanging by a cord around their necks, in place of the sacred thread worn by most upper-caste Hindu men.
▪️Its Doctrine and Philosophy:
✅ Philosophically, their qualified monism and their conception of bhakti (devotion) as an intuitive and loving knowledge of God show the influence of the 11th–12th-century thinker Ramanuja.
✅Strongly opposed Brahmanical Hinduism.
✅ strongly anti-Brahmanical and opposed to worship of any image other than the lingam.
🔸 Against Caste System.
🔸 Rejected Authority of Vedas.
🔸 Rejected Transmigration of soul.
🔸 It was also kind of social reform movement and supported widow remarriage and opposed child marriage.
#PYQanalysis
Join @PRELIMS_TRICKS
✅ founded by Basava in the 12th century.
✅Lingayat, also called Virashaiva, member of a Hindu sect with a wide following in southern India that worships Shiva as the only deity.
✅The followers take their name (“lingam-wearers”) from the small representations of a lingam, a votary object symbolizing Shiva.
✅ both the men and the women always wear hanging by a cord around their necks, in place of the sacred thread worn by most upper-caste Hindu men.
▪️Its Doctrine and Philosophy:
✅ Philosophically, their qualified monism and their conception of bhakti (devotion) as an intuitive and loving knowledge of God show the influence of the 11th–12th-century thinker Ramanuja.
✅Strongly opposed Brahmanical Hinduism.
✅ strongly anti-Brahmanical and opposed to worship of any image other than the lingam.
🔸 Against Caste System.
🔸 Rejected Authority of Vedas.
🔸 Rejected Transmigration of soul.
🔸 It was also kind of social reform movement and supported widow remarriage and opposed child marriage.
#PYQanalysis
Join @PRELIMS_TRICKS
#Goodmorning
⏳10 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 106 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳353 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳442 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -17 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -116 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
⏳10 days for CSP24 [ 16-06-24]
⏳ 106 days for CSM24 [ 20-09-24]
⏳353 days left CSP25 [ 25-05-25]
⏳442 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
⏳ -17 days mppsc pre 2024 ( 23 June 2024)
⏳ -116 days for 70th bpsc prelims (30 sept)
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
🔆ISRO to boost NavIC, widen user base of location system
In News:
✅On the side-lines of the India Space Congress, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently revealed its plans to expand the reach of NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) beyond India and not to a limited territory around India.
✅ISRO is also working on a series of NavIC improvements to encourage more people to install and use it.
✅NavIC, also known as the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), is an independent stand-alone indigenous navigation satellite system developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
✅NAVIC was approved in 2006 and was expected to be completed by 2011, but only become operational in 2018.
✅NavIC, which consists of 7 satellites, covering the whole of India's landmass and up to 1,500 km from its boundaries, is conceived with the aim of removing dependence on foreign satellite systems for navigation, particularly for "strategic sectors.".
In News:
✅On the side-lines of the India Space Congress, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently revealed its plans to expand the reach of NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) beyond India and not to a limited territory around India.
✅ISRO is also working on a series of NavIC improvements to encourage more people to install and use it.
✅NavIC, also known as the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), is an independent stand-alone indigenous navigation satellite system developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
✅NAVIC was approved in 2006 and was expected to be completed by 2011, but only become operational in 2018.
✅NavIC, which consists of 7 satellites, covering the whole of India's landmass and up to 1,500 km from its boundaries, is conceived with the aim of removing dependence on foreign satellite systems for navigation, particularly for "strategic sectors.".