https://www.science.org/content/article/some-scientific-papers-words-expressing-uncertainty-have-decreased


A study of language in Science articles from 1997 through 2021 raises concerns about exaggerated claims.

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https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2023/08/researchers-prefer-same-gender-co-authors-study-confirms

Researchers prefer same-gender co-authors, study confirms...


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از مزایای دوزبانگی می‌توان به تأثیر آن در تاخیر افت شناخت مغز اشاره کرد. فعالیت‌های محرک شناختی باعث بهبود شناخت و به تأخیر انداختن اختلالات عصب‌شناختی مانند آلزایمر می‌شود. دوزبانگی خود یک محرک شناختی است که باعث ایجاد شبکه‌ی مغزی وسیع نسبت به سایر فعالیت‌های شناختی می‌شود و عملکرد شناختی فرد را بهبود می‌دهد.

باتوجه به مزایای شناختی که دوزبانگی برای کودک به ارمغان می‌آورد و با توجه به این‌که هرچه سن شروع دوزبانگی پایین‌تر باشد مزایای بیشتری برای فرد دارد، به‌نظر می‌رسد کشورهای مختلف نیازمند برنامه‌ریزی برای این مهم هستند زیرا باید یادگیری زبان دوم در زمانی آغاز شود که افراد بیشترین بهره را از این آموزش ببرند و فرایندهای شناختی تحت تأثیر مستقیم دوزبانگی قرار دارند.

برگرفته از كتاب كاربرد دوزبانگي و دوزبانگي كاربردي


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http://pishghadam-center.ir

♦️دانشمندان نیوزیلندی: ریشۀ زبان انگلیسی به ایران برمی‌گردد

🔹یک تیم از دانشمندان دانشگاه اوکلند نیوزیلند به سرپرستی پروفسور راسل گری، با انجام تحقیقاتی دربارۀ منشاء زبان‌های هندواروپایی، به این نتیجه رسیده‌اند که ریشۀ برخی زبان‌ها از جمله انگلیسی، به ۸ هزار سال قبل در منطقۀ شمال‌غربی ایران و شرقی ترکیه امروزی برمی‌گردد.
‌🔹زبان‌های هندواروپایی پُرتکرارترین خانواده زبان‌های جهان است که تعداد آن‌ها بیش از ۴۰۰ زبان است و شامل انگلیسی، روسی، فرانسوی، گیلیک اسکاتلندی، هندی-اردو، بنگالی و پنجابی می‌شود.
‌🔹این تیم بین‌المللی متشکل از بیش از ۸۰ متخصص زبان، گسترش واژگان اصلی را از ۱۶۱ زبان هند و اروپایی، از جمله ۵۲ زبان باستانی یا تاریخی مانند لاتین، تجزیه و تحلیل کردند.
@AkhbareFori

Researchers made a breakthrough in understanding the gut-brain connection by identifying five distinct types of sensory neurons in the colon.
The team found these neurons responsible for sending different signals to the brain, with some responding to gentle movements of substances and others reacting to more intense sensations like pain. This discovery, conducted in mice, if confirmed in humans, could pave the way for more targeted and effective treatments for gastrointestinal conditions.


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📍استیون پرسفیلد نویسنده‌ای که به معنی واقعی کلمه زندگی خیلی ها رو تغییر داده و می‌شه یه معلم واقعی خطابش کرد...

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📍What does AI say about levels of concern?

Pishghadam is an Iranian scholar who has proposed a taxonomy of different types of emotional responses to others' situations based on the degree of involvement and concern. According to his taxonomy, there are six levels of emotional responses, which are:

•  Apathy: This is the lowest level of emotional response, where the person does not care about or feel anything for the other person's situation. The person is indifferent and detached from the other person's emotions and needs.

•  Sympathy: This is the second level of emotional response, where the person feels pity or sorrow for the other person's misfortune. The person has a general understanding or rapport with the other person but does not share their emotions or perspective.

•  Empathy: This is the third level of emotional response, where the person can sense or feel the other person's emotions as if they were their own. The person has a deeper understanding and connection with the other person but still maintains a distinct self.

•  Metapathy: This is the fourth level of emotional response, where the person can feel the other person's emotions and understand the reasons and causes behind them. The person has a comprehensive and analytical view of the other person's situation and can offer helpful advice or guidance.

•  Transpathy: This is the fifth level of emotional response, where the person can identify with the other person so strongly that they become one with them. The person has complete and intuitive knowledge of the other person's thoughts and feelings and can act on their behalf or in their best interest.

You can read more about Pishghadam's taxonomy of emotional responses in his article here:
https://www.ceejournal.com/article_172495.html


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http://pishghadam-center.ir

📍What does AI say about kinds of emotioncy?

These are terms that are used in the theory of emotioncy, which is a concept that describes how senses and emotions influence cognition and learning. Emotioncy was proposed by Reza Pishghadam, an Iranian professor of applied linguistics.

According to Pishghadam et al. (2013), emotioncy is defined as "sense-induced emotions which can relativize cognition”. In other words, emotioncy is the emotional level that a person has toward an object or a concept, which is determined by the number and type of senses that are involved in experiencing it. Pishghadam et al. (2013) suggested that there are six levels of emotioncy, ranging from zero to five, which are:

•  Avolvement: Null emotioncy (0). This is when a person has not heard about, seen, or experienced an object or a concept. For example, a person who has never heard of the word "quark" has null emotioncy toward it.

•  Exvolvement: Audio emotioncy (1), Visual emotioncy (2), and Kinesthetic emotioncy (3). These are when a person has experienced an object or a concept through one, two, or three senses, respectively. For example, a person who has only heard about the word "quark" has audio emotioncy toward it; a person who has both heard and seen the word "quark" has visual emotioncy toward it; and a person who has heard, seen, and touched the word "quark" has kinesthetic emotioncy toward it.

•  Involvement: Inner emotioncy (4) and Arch emotioncy (5). These are when a person has experienced an object or a concept through four or five senses, respectively. For example, a person who has heard, seen, touched, smelled, and tasted the word "quark" has arch emotioncy toward it. However, since some objects or concepts are abstract and cannot be experienced through all five senses, Pishghadam et al. (2013) introduced the notion of inner emotioncy, which is when a person has experienced an object or a concept through imagination or empathy. For example, a person who has imagined what it would be like to be a quark has inner emotioncy toward it.

Pishghadam (2015) later added two more levels of emotioncy to the original model: metavolvement and transvolvment. These are:

•  Metavolvement: Meta-emotioncy (6). This is when a person has experienced an object or a concept through reflection or metacognition. For example, a person who has thought about their own emotions and thoughts toward the word "quark" has meta-emotioncy toward it.

•  Transvolvment: Trans-emotioncy (7). This is when a person has experienced an object or a concept through transcendence or spirituality. For example, a person who has felt a connection with the word "quark" on a spiritual level has trans-emotioncy toward it.

The main idea behind the theory of emotioncy is that the higher the level of emotioncy that a person has toward an object or a concept, the more likely they are to learn and remember it. Therefore, emotioncy can have implications for education and pedagogy, as well as other fields such as psychology, neuroscience, and sociology.

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http://pishghadam-center.ir

فراخوان شماره ۳ (نشریه مطالعات‌زبان و ترجمه): دو زبانگی کاربردی

📍What does AI say about sapioemotionality?

Sapioemotionality is a term coined by Reza Pishghadam, a professor of language education and educational psychology at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. Sapioemotionality refers to the emotional reaction or arousal that people have when they encounter an intelligent person. It can be positive or negative, depending on the culture and values of the society. Sapioemotionality is a new attribute that can be used to study the socio-cultural aspects of intelligence and education.

According to Pishghadam and his colleagues, sapioemotionality is influenced by the concept of emotioncy, which is the degree of sensory involvement or exvolvement in experiencing emotions. Emotioncy can range from null (no sensory perception) to arch (all sensory perceptions). People with higher levels of emotioncy tend to have more positive sapioemotionality, meaning that they appreciate and admire intelligence more.

Sapioemotionality can have important implications for the development and promotion of intelligence in different cultures. Pishghadam and his colleagues have conducted various studies on sapioemotionality in the Iranian context, using quantitative and qualitative methods. They have developed and validated a sapioemotionality scale, conducted interviews, and analyzed Persian expressions related to knowledge and intelligence.

Their findings suggest that sapioemotionality is declining in Iranian society, due to the influence of non-psychometric definitions of intelligence, such as wealth, power, and fame. They also propose some suggestions to enhance sapioemotionality and foster a culture of intelligence in Iran and other societies.

@PishghadamToosChannel

خوانندگان محترم،

مفتخرم با کمال مسرت اعلام نمایم نشریه علمی "مطالعات زبان و ترجمه" وابسته به گروه زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد‌ برای سومین سال پیاپی موفق به کسب رتبه "الف" در ارزیابی نشریات علمی ایران شد. این موفقیت و دستاورد بزرگ را به تمامی اعضای هیات تحریریه، نویسندگان، کارشناسان و خوانندگان این نشریه شادباش می گویم.


رضا پیش قدم
سردبیر و مدیر مسئول
نشریه‌ علمی مطالعات زبان و ترجمه

https://jlts.um.ac.ir/