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📕📘Especially vs Specially


Pollution is a serious problem, specially in industrial areas.

Pollution is a serious problem, especially in industrial areas.



📕Note: When we mean “above all” , we use especially.

I don’t like going to bed late, especially when I have to get up early.

He’s good at all ball games, especially tennis and football.



Note: We use specially to emphasise that something is done for one particular purpose or person.

📕She’s come all the way from Brussels specially to see you.

📘The camera has been specially designed fir underwater photography.


Most students try to get jobs in the summer. Especially girls like to earn some money.

Most students try to get jobs in the summer. Girls especially like to earn some money.



Note: When especially refers to the subject of a sentence, the word order is: Subject + especially + verb.


Note: A sentence cannot begin with especially.




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Possessive and negative energy.


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📕📘 گرامر جملات مجهول 
(passive voice)

وقتی از ساختار جملات مجهول استفاده می کنیم که یا بخواهیم تمرکز را از روی فاعل به مفعول انتقال دهیم ، و یا اینکه واقعا ندانیم چه کسی کاری را انجام داده باشد .

📕Examples ..
Ali gave a pen to Ehsan.
📘 علی یک خودکار به احسان داد.

A pen was given to Ehsan.
( By Ali )

📕 یک خودکار به احسان داده شد. (میتونیم بگیم بوسیله علی یا حذف ش کنیم ).

یک نکته 👈 وقتی فاعل جمله نداشته باشیم متوجه میشویم ک این جمله مجهول است .

A new element was discovered by researchers at this University .

📘یک عنصر جدید بوسیله محققان در این دانشگاه کشف شد.

📕📘 نحوه تبدیل جملات معلوم به مجهول

ابتدا فاعل را از ابتدای جمله حذف می کنیم و مفعول را به جای آن می آوریم. سپس با در نظر گرفتن اینکه آیا مفعول جمله ما جمع است یا مفرد و همچنین زمان (tense) آن، یکی از فعل های to be را بکار می بریم و بعد از آن، از اسم مفعول فعل استفاده می کنیم (و در صورتی که جمله ما ادامه داشت ادامه آن را می نویسیم).

نکته: اگر فعل ما یکی از افعال بی قاعده باشد باید شکل سوم آن (یعنی past participle) را بکار ببریم،

Ali ate the apple.
📕علی سیب را خورد (معلوم)

The apple was eaten.
📘سیب خورده شد.( مجهول )


📕 اگر ما بخواهیم انجام دهنده کار (agent) را نیز در جملات مجهول بکار ببریم باید از حرف اضافه by استفاده کنیم:

Maryan gave the book to Sara.
📘مریم کتاب را به سارا داد.

The book was given to Sara by Maryam.

📕کتاب بوسیله سارا به مریم داده شد

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Idioms about food


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Prepositional phrases of....In , At , On , By .

📕📘Practice more to memorize them




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The development of easy-to-use statistics is being taught and learned. Students can make transformations of variables, create graphs of distributions of variables, and select among statistical analyses all at the click of a button. However, even with these advancements, students sometimes find statistics to be an arduous task.


📘📕Pronunciation :

development....../dɪˈveləpmənt/ 
statistics........ /stəˈtɪs.tɪks/
taught....../tɔːt $ tɒːt/
transformation...... /ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃən $ -fər-/
variable......./ˈveəriəbəl $ ˈver-/ 
distribution........ /ˌdɪstrəˈbjuːʃən, ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/
analysis...... /əˈnæləsəs, əˈnælɪsəs/ 
*plural analyses /-siːz/
arduous....... /ˈɑːdjuəs $ ˈɑːrdʒuəs/ 



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Linking Words for Speaking and Writing

Watch this video and share it with your friends as much as you can!



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📕📘Grateful and Thankful

Grateful..
📕Grateful is the normal word for people's reactions to kindness, favours... etc.

📘Note.
📕Grateful to someone,,
📘Grateful for something,,

Thankful,
📕Thankful is used especially for feelings of relief at having avoided a danger, or at having come through an unpleasant experience.

Note ,
📕Thankful to someone,
📘Thankful for something,,

We feel thankful that she didn't marry him after all.;





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اصطلاحات پولداری و بی پولی

Idioms about being rich and lack of money.




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Grammar ever and never
Ever .

Difference Between Never and Ever. “Ever” and “never” are opposites of each other and have different usagesin the English language.

📕“Never” is used mostly in statements,
📘 whereas “ever” is usually used while interrogating.

“Ever” means “always, at all times,”

📕“Ever” used as an adverb and adjective ..

📘“Ever” means “always, at all times,”
She is ever ready to help others.
👉It means continuously,

He started learning piano at four and has beenplaying ever since.
At any possible time;

Have you ever heard something like this?
At all, by any chance,

How did she ever do this?


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📕📘Never..

📘“Never” used as an adverb

“Never” means, “at no time, not ever,”
She never lets anybody down.
It means “absolutely not,”

This program will never work.
“To no degree,”

He is never going to learn, no matter what.

Idioms
“Never” is also used in many idioms:
📕Never mind meaning; don’t bother,




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IELTS Speaking: Improve your fluency with the LASAGNA METHOD



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The name of some illnesses

انواع بیماری ها به انگلیسی
➡️headache: سردرد
➡️backache: پشت درد
➡️amnesia:بيماري فراموشي
➡️anemia:کم خوني
➡️bloodshed: خونريزي
➡️brain sickness:نقص عقل
➡️bladder stone: سنگ مثانه
➡️cancer: سرطان
➡️toothache: دندان درد
➡️chicken pox: آبله مرغان
➡️Sore Throat: گلو درد
➡️constipate: يبوست
➡️depression:افسردگي
➡️ear ache: گوش درد
➡️eye sore:چشم درد
➡️flu:آنفلو آنزا
➡️fever: تب
➡️heart attack: سکته قلبی
➡️heat stroke :گرما زدگي
➡️hypertension :فشار خون
➡️hysteria: تشنج عصبي
➡️infection:عفونت
➡️leprosy: جذام
➡️madness:جنون
➡️plague:طاعون
➡️measles:سرخک
➡️cataract: آب مرواريد
➡️vomiting :تهوع
➡️Blind: کور
➡️Dumb :لال
➡️Cripple :چلاق
➡️Paralysis بیماری فلج
➡️Paralytic:فلج

➡️Flue: آنفلانزا
➡️Catch a cold: سرما خوردن
➡️Strep throat: گلو درد میکروبی
➡️Diarrehoea: اسهال
➡️Hangover: سرگیجه
➡️Nausea: تهوع
➡️Vomit: استفراغ
➡️Cancer: سرطان
➡️Asthma: آسم
➡️Plague: طاعون
➡️Cholera:وبا
➡️Chicken pox: آبله مرغان
➡️Twist: پیچ خوردگی
➡️Bruise: کبود
➡️Inflammation: تورم


➡️ Wounded: زخمی
➡️ Injured: مجروح
➡️Burn: سوختگی
➡️Cut: بریدگی
➡️Fracture: شکستگی
➡️Bloodshed: خونریز
➡️Stutter: لکنت

➡️Retarded: عقب افتاده
➡️Nose bleeding: خون دماغ
➡️Tremor: رعشه
➡️Amputation: قطع عضو
➡️Faint: غش کردن
➡️Unconsciouse: بیهوش
➡️Wart: زگیل
➡️Blood clot :لخته شدن خون
➡️Ear wax blockage:
جرم گرفتگی گوش
➡️Food poisoning: مسمومیت غذایی
➡️Measles :سرخک
➡️Polio :فلج اطفال
➡️Typhoid حصبه:
➡️Arthritis: آرتروز
➡️Alzheimer: آلزایمر
➡️Osteoporosis :پوکی استخوان
➡️Leprosy :جذام
➡️Rabies :هاری
➡️Gout :نقرس
➡️Epilepsy :سرع
➡️Tuberculosis :سل
➡️Gonorrhea :سوزاک
➡️Blister :تاول
➡️Dislocate :در رفتگی استخوان
➡️Sprain :رگ به رگ شدن

➡️Tetanus: کزاز

➡️Viral pneumonia: ذات الریه ویروسی
➡️Mumps: اوریون
➡️Obesity: مرض چاقی
➡️Fungal infection: عفونت قارچی
➡️Gastric ulcer :زخم معده
➡️Gastritis: ورم معده
➡️Malnutrtion: سو تغذیه
➡️Rheumatism: روماتیسم
➡️Haemorrhage :خونریزی داخلی
➡️Delirume: هذیان
➡️Constipation: یبوست
➡️Meningitis :مننژیت
➡️Wen: دمل
➡️Tumor: تومور
➡️Brain death :مرگ مغزی
➡️Bunged up nose: بینی گرفته
➡️Blocked nose بینی گرفته
➡️Runny nose: آبریزش بینی
➡️Choke :خفه شدن بر اثر پریدن غذا در گلو
➡️Benign: خوش خیم
➡️Malignant :بد خیم
➡️Diphtheria :دیفتری
➡️Diabets: دیابت
➡️Bloat :نفخ
➡️Sexually transmitted disease: بیماری مقاربتی
➡️Premature :زودرس، نارس
➡️Eczema :اگزما
➡️Disinfectant:
➡️Relaps: وخیم شدن، بدتر شدن
➡️Recover: بهبود یافتن
➡️Convalescence :دوره نقاهت
➡️Infectious: مسری
➡️Convulsion :تشنج
➡️To have tendency to a disesae :زمینه یک بیماری را داشتن
➡️Acute: حاد
➡️Heart condition عارضه قلب:ی
➡️Jaundice :یرقان
➡️Hemophilia :هموفیلی
➡️Hepatitis :هپاتیت
➡️Rickets: راشیتیزم
➡️Whooping cough: سیاه سرفه
➡️Anemia :کم خونیG
➡️Cataract: آب مروارید
➡️Dysentery :اسهال خونی
➡️Case history: سابقه بیماری
➡️Bile :زرداب
➡️Spasm :گرفتگی عضلانی
➡️Hypothermia :سرمازدگی
➡️Gripes :دل پیچه

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20 Native speaker expressions to use at work .

[Advanced Spoken English]



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📕consume /kənˈsjuːm /
▸ verb [with obj.]
1 eat, drink, or ingest (food or drink):

ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ; ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ; ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻥ ; ﺳﺮﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ; 

(of a fire) completely destroy:
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the fire spread rapidly, consuming many homes.

آتش به سرعت پخش میشه و خانه ها را از بین می برد .

use up (a resource):
this process consumes enormous amounts of energy.

این پروژه انرژی زیادی نیاز دارد



📘 (of a feeling) completely fill the mind of (someone)

📕Synonyms: absorb, apply, avail oneself of, deplete, devour,




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He touched with his hand the ball.

He touched the ball with his hand.

Note: The object of a transitive verb generally comes directly after the verb.



He succeeded because he works hard.

He succeeded because he worked hard.

📕Note: A Past Tense in the main clause should be followed by a Past Tense in the subordinate clause.



Our teacher said that the earth moved round the sun.

Our teacher said that the earth moves round the sun.

Note: A Past Tense in main clause may be followed by a Present Tense
in the subordinate clause when the subordinate clause expresses a universal truth.



We start early lest we shall miss the train.

We start early lest we should miss the train.


Note: When the subordinate clause comes after 'lest', the auxiliary Verb 'should' must be used, whatever be the Tense of the Verb in the main clause.


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2024/09/27 04:17:45
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