Explanation for today's MCQs👇

#Essay_Anecdote
Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain (1880 –1932) was born into a rich family who owned a lot of land. Though she knew how to read and write Urdu, she was stopped from learning Bangla and English. In those days, English was seen as a language that would expose girls to new ideas, which people thought were not correct for them. Therefore, it was mostly boys who were taught English.

Rokeya learnt to read and write Bangla and English with the support of her elder brother and an elder sister. She went on to become a writer. She wrote a remarkable story titled Sultana’s Dream in 1905 to practise her English skills when she was merely 25 years old. This story imagined a woman called Sultana who reaches a place called Ladyland. Ladyland is a place where women had the freedom to study, work, and create inventions like controlling rain from the clouds and flying air cars. In this Ladyland, the men had been sent into seclusion – their aggressive guns and other weapons of war defeated by the brain- power of women. As Sultana travels in Ladyland with Sister Sarah, she awakes to realise that she was only dreaming.

As you can see, Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain was dreaming of women flying planes and cars even before girls were allowed to go to school! This was the way in which education and learning had changed Rokeya’s own life. Rokeya did not stop at getting education just for herself. Her education gave her the power not only to dream and write, but also to do more – to help other girls go to school and to build their own dreams. In 1910, she started a school for girls in Kolkata, and to this day, the school is still functioning.

This anecdote can be used in multiple essays:
1. Women's Empowerment
2. Role of Education in Social Change
3. The Intersection of Colonialism and Feminism
4. The Evolution of Women's Rights Movements

Syllabus: #GSII - Separation of Powers between various organs Dispute Redressal Mechanisms and Institutions.

Highlights:
1. The Jan Vishwas Act, 2022 aims to improve "ease of doing business" in India by replacing criminal imprisonment with penalties for certain offences.
2. It grants bureaucrats the power to impose these penalties instead of the judiciary, which has raised concerns about the constitutional principle of separation of powers.
3. The Act has provisions for bureaucrats to conduct inquiries and impose penalties that may undermine the "rule of law."
4. Although the Indian Constitution does not mandate a strict separation of powers between the judiciary and the executive, Article 50 encourages achieving it over time.
5. Despite the separation of criminal magistracy from the executive, the bureaucracy has sought judicial power through tribunals and regulators like CCI and SEBI, raising concerns about executive encroachment on judicial powers.

#Keywords: Ease of doing business, separation of powers, Constitutionality, Judicial function, Rule of law.

Today's Prelims Practice Questions 👇