August 1, 2024, marked the 97th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA). The Southern and Northern Theaters of the PLA witnessed a change in commanders, with General Wu Yanan and General Huang Ming taking charge.
China has been embroiled in skirmishes with the Philippines in the South China Sea, drawing critique from regional powers such as Japan and the United States. President Xi Jinping has emphasized transforming the PLA into a 'world-class' military.
The PLA’s reforms initiated in 2015 aimed at achieving flawless interoperability and wartime mobilization. Developments in the Southern Theater have highlighted the fault lines in these reform visions.
General Wu Yanan’s appointment is seen as part of the Chinese Communist Party’s reform agenda
From India’s perspective, understanding the leadership changes in the PLA is crucial. India must study the doctrinal evolution of reforms in the PLA, as China is its principal rival and most significant military challenger.
#gs2
China has been embroiled in skirmishes with the Philippines in the South China Sea, drawing critique from regional powers such as Japan and the United States. President Xi Jinping has emphasized transforming the PLA into a 'world-class' military.
The PLA’s reforms initiated in 2015 aimed at achieving flawless interoperability and wartime mobilization. Developments in the Southern Theater have highlighted the fault lines in these reform visions.
General Wu Yanan’s appointment is seen as part of the Chinese Communist Party’s reform agenda
From India’s perspective, understanding the leadership changes in the PLA is crucial. India must study the doctrinal evolution of reforms in the PLA, as China is its principal rival and most significant military challenger.
#gs2
🔆Iran’s supreme leader opens door to negotiations with United States over Tehran’s nuclear programme
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✅Pavel Durov, the founder of the popular messaging platform Telegram, was arrested upon arrival in France on August 24
✅It sparked international debate over the responsibility of tech platforms for illegal activities conducted through their services.
📍Laissez-faire approach
✅Policy of minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society.
✅“Leave us alone” / “allow to do”
✅Laissez-faire was a political as well as an economic doctrine
✅The individual, pursuing his own desired ends, would thereby achieve the best results for the society of which he was a part.
✅The function of the state was to maintain order and security and to avoid interference with the initiative of the individual in pursuit of his own desired goals.
✅There is a need to moderate content to prevent illegal activities, such as extremism, drug trafficking, scams, and child pornography.
✅The challenge is balancing the freedom to express ideas with the responsibility to prevent harm and illegal activities
✅It sparked international debate over the responsibility of tech platforms for illegal activities conducted through their services.
📍Laissez-faire approach
✅Policy of minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society.
✅“Leave us alone” / “allow to do”
✅Laissez-faire was a political as well as an economic doctrine
✅The individual, pursuing his own desired ends, would thereby achieve the best results for the society of which he was a part.
✅The function of the state was to maintain order and security and to avoid interference with the initiative of the individual in pursuit of his own desired goals.
✅There is a need to moderate content to prevent illegal activities, such as extremism, drug trafficking, scams, and child pornography.
✅The challenge is balancing the freedom to express ideas with the responsibility to prevent harm and illegal activities
There are firm reasons why the Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Ukraine could have had some sort of peace initiative on the agenda
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🔆UN calls out China's ongoing 'problematic' policies in Xinjiang
China has been accused of incarcerating more than 1 million Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in the northwestern Xinjiang region - charges Beijing vehemently rejects.
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China has been accused of incarcerating more than 1 million Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in the northwestern Xinjiang region - charges Beijing vehemently rejects.
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Pakistan has invited India and Prime Minister Narendra Modi to the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation’s (SCO) Council of Heads of Government meeting, to be held in October. As the current chair of the SCO CHG, Pakistan will host the two-day in-person meeting.
The SCO council of heads of government level is the second-highest body in the grouping. India has been represented on this level by either the External Affairs Minister or Defence Minister since 2017.
The SCO, comprising India, China, Russia, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, is an influential economic and security bloc and one of the largest trans-regional international organisations.
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The SCO council of heads of government level is the second-highest body in the grouping. India has been represented on this level by either the External Affairs Minister or Defence Minister since 2017.
The SCO, comprising India, China, Russia, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, is an influential economic and security bloc and one of the largest trans-regional international organisations.
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✅The Taliban announced a new law on the "Propagation of Virtue and Prevention of Vice," imposing its interpretation of sharia law on Afghans, significantly restricting women's freedoms and sparking global outrage
✅India's Ministry of External Affairs reaffirmed its support for women's education in Afghanistan and stressed the need for an inclusive government.
✅India's Ministry of External Affairs reaffirmed its support for women's education in Afghanistan and stressed the need for an inclusive government.
🔆'NEIGHBOURHOOD FIRST' POLICY
✅Under its 'Neighbourhood First' policy, Government is committed to developing friendly and mutually beneficial relations with all its neighbours. India is an active development partner and is involved in several projects in these countries.
✅ India’s policy of ‘Neighbourhood First’ focuses on creating mutually beneficial, people-oriented, regional frameworks for stability and prosperity.
✅Our engagement with these countries is based on a consultative, non-reciprocal and outcome-oriented approach, which focuses on delivering benefits like greater connectivity, improved infrastructure, stronger development cooperation in various sectors area, security and broader people-to-people contacts.
✅ With Pakistan, Government desires normal neighbourly relations and is committed to addressing all outstanding issues bilaterally and peacefully in accordance with the Shimla Agreement and the Lahore
✅ Declaration. However, any meaningful dialogue can only be held in an atmosphere free from terror, hostility and violence. The onus is on Pakistan to create such a conducive atmosphere.
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✅Under its 'Neighbourhood First' policy, Government is committed to developing friendly and mutually beneficial relations with all its neighbours. India is an active development partner and is involved in several projects in these countries.
✅ India’s policy of ‘Neighbourhood First’ focuses on creating mutually beneficial, people-oriented, regional frameworks for stability and prosperity.
✅Our engagement with these countries is based on a consultative, non-reciprocal and outcome-oriented approach, which focuses on delivering benefits like greater connectivity, improved infrastructure, stronger development cooperation in various sectors area, security and broader people-to-people contacts.
✅ With Pakistan, Government desires normal neighbourly relations and is committed to addressing all outstanding issues bilaterally and peacefully in accordance with the Shimla Agreement and the Lahore
✅ Declaration. However, any meaningful dialogue can only be held in an atmosphere free from terror, hostility and violence. The onus is on Pakistan to create such a conducive atmosphere.
#IR
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_ir
🔆Rohingya Issue And North-east :
Myanmar’s Muslim minority citizens, residing in the Western Myanmar province of Rakhine.
✅The Rohingya are ethnically, linguistically, and religiously different from Myanmar’s dominant Buddhist community.
✅ About 1.1 million Rohingyas live in Rakhine, Myanmar’s least developed region, with over 78% of households below the poverty line.
✅ A brutal military crackdown in 2017 led to over 700,000 Rohingyas fleeing to Bangladesh, creating a massive refugee crisis.
IMPACT ON INDIA :
✅ Some Rohingya have crossed into North-Eastern states like Mizoram and Manipur.
✅ The influx has stoked anxieties among indigenous communities in North-East India.
✅ Concerns about potential links to extremist groups, although no concrete evidence exists.
✅ Radical Islamists may influence Rohingya youth, promoting anti-India activities.
✅ Rohingyas are spread across several cities and states; It may give the additional burden of refugees.
✅ Providing food, shelter, and healthcare for refugees can strain local resources.
✅ Increased immigrant influx can worsen the job market; Scarcity of jobs leads to reliance on government resources, adding pressure on already limited resources.
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Myanmar’s Muslim minority citizens, residing in the Western Myanmar province of Rakhine.
✅The Rohingya are ethnically, linguistically, and religiously different from Myanmar’s dominant Buddhist community.
✅ About 1.1 million Rohingyas live in Rakhine, Myanmar’s least developed region, with over 78% of households below the poverty line.
✅ A brutal military crackdown in 2017 led to over 700,000 Rohingyas fleeing to Bangladesh, creating a massive refugee crisis.
IMPACT ON INDIA :
✅ Some Rohingya have crossed into North-Eastern states like Mizoram and Manipur.
✅ The influx has stoked anxieties among indigenous communities in North-East India.
✅ Concerns about potential links to extremist groups, although no concrete evidence exists.
✅ Radical Islamists may influence Rohingya youth, promoting anti-India activities.
✅ Rohingyas are spread across several cities and states; It may give the additional burden of refugees.
✅ Providing food, shelter, and healthcare for refugees can strain local resources.
✅ Increased immigrant influx can worsen the job market; Scarcity of jobs leads to reliance on government resources, adding pressure on already limited resources.
#IR
#security
#mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_ir