🔆NaturAfrica initiative
✅The European Commission (EC) has removed Tanzania from the list of countries eligible for its 18 million Euro conservation grant to be launched in East Africa as part of its NaturAfrica initiative.
📍NaturAfrica initiative
✅The NaturAfrica initiative is a European Union (EU) program aimed at supporting biodiversity conservation in Africa through a people-centred approach.
✅It identifies key landscapes for conservation and development, focusing on creating jobs, improving security, and sustainable livelihoods while preserving ecosystems and wildlife.
✅The initiative is structured around two pillars: short-term actions in key landscapes and medium-term support to address the root causes of biodiversity loss and environmental degradation by integrating these concerns into other sectors.
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✅The European Commission (EC) has removed Tanzania from the list of countries eligible for its 18 million Euro conservation grant to be launched in East Africa as part of its NaturAfrica initiative.
📍NaturAfrica initiative
✅The NaturAfrica initiative is a European Union (EU) program aimed at supporting biodiversity conservation in Africa through a people-centred approach.
✅It identifies key landscapes for conservation and development, focusing on creating jobs, improving security, and sustainable livelihoods while preserving ecosystems and wildlife.
✅The initiative is structured around two pillars: short-term actions in key landscapes and medium-term support to address the root causes of biodiversity loss and environmental degradation by integrating these concerns into other sectors.
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#ir
#prelims
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_prep_squad
🔆Significance of Maldives pro-China President's visit to New Delhi
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@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
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@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
🔆What is the European Parliament what r its function?
how could the election impact France politics?
📍What is "cohabitation" ?
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#polity_governance
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how could the election impact France politics?
📍What is "cohabitation" ?
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#ir
#polity_governance
@upsc_polity_governance
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
🔆Group of 7 (G7)
✅G7 leaders start their annual summit on June 13 looking to double down on support for Ukraine in its war with Russia and offer a united face in confronting China's political and economic ambitions.
📍G7
✅The G7 (Group of Seven) is an intergovernmental political and economic forum.
✅Members: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States; European Union as a non-enumerated member
✅The G7 was established in 1975. Russia was included in the late 1990s, creating the G8, but was suspended in 2014 after the annexation of Crimea.
✅Function: The G7 meets annually to discuss and coordinate economic policies. The leaders address many global issues, including monetary policy, security, energy, and climate change.
✅Significance: While the G7 cannot enact laws, its past decisions have had significant global consequences
✅Summits: The annual G7 summit is hosted by one of the member countries, which rotates each year. The summits provide a platform for the leaders to discuss pressing global issues and coordinate policy responses.
✅The 2024- G7 summit will take place from June 13-15 in Apulia, Italy. Italy holds the G7 presidency in 2024.
#gs2
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#ir
@upsc_4_ir
✅G7 leaders start their annual summit on June 13 looking to double down on support for Ukraine in its war with Russia and offer a united face in confronting China's political and economic ambitions.
📍G7
✅The G7 (Group of Seven) is an intergovernmental political and economic forum.
✅Members: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States; European Union as a non-enumerated member
✅The G7 was established in 1975. Russia was included in the late 1990s, creating the G8, but was suspended in 2014 after the annexation of Crimea.
✅Function: The G7 meets annually to discuss and coordinate economic policies. The leaders address many global issues, including monetary policy, security, energy, and climate change.
✅Significance: While the G7 cannot enact laws, its past decisions have had significant global consequences
✅Summits: The annual G7 summit is hosted by one of the member countries, which rotates each year. The summits provide a platform for the leaders to discuss pressing global issues and coordinate policy responses.
✅The 2024- G7 summit will take place from June 13-15 in Apulia, Italy. Italy holds the G7 presidency in 2024.
#gs2
#prelims
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
🔆China's Grey zone warfare tactics against Taiwan
✅Grey zone warfare can be defined as a type of conflict that is not a conventional war, but it also lacks actions between states that are diplomatic or economic with high tension steps.
✅This type of warfare is also very alarming and most affecting to the targeted state since it is not easy to do dynamic action and intent.
✅Here, the tactics China has employed against Taiwan are increasingly turning into ‘grey-zone’ warfare much to the concern of the international community due to the risks they present to regional stability and security.
📍China has employed a range of grey-zone tactics against Taiwan, including:
✅Military Exercises: The dynamics of the PLA have seen China conducting military exercises proximal to Taiwan such as live firing drills and naval manoeuvres.
✅China increasing its military surveillance, both through the airspace and waters of Taiwan
✅Cyber Warfare
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@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
✅Grey zone warfare can be defined as a type of conflict that is not a conventional war, but it also lacks actions between states that are diplomatic or economic with high tension steps.
✅This type of warfare is also very alarming and most affecting to the targeted state since it is not easy to do dynamic action and intent.
✅Here, the tactics China has employed against Taiwan are increasingly turning into ‘grey-zone’ warfare much to the concern of the international community due to the risks they present to regional stability and security.
📍China has employed a range of grey-zone tactics against Taiwan, including:
✅Military Exercises: The dynamics of the PLA have seen China conducting military exercises proximal to Taiwan such as live firing drills and naval manoeuvres.
✅China increasing its military surveillance, both through the airspace and waters of Taiwan
✅Cyber Warfare
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
🔆Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU):
✅It is an international economic union and free trade zone comprising countries located in central and northern Asia and Eastern Europe.
✅It was established by the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union signed on May 29, 2014, in Astana.
✅Member countries include Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.
✅The EAEU is being created to comprehensively upgrade, raise the competitiveness of and cooperation between the national economies, and promote stable development in order to raise the living standards of the nations of the Member-States.
✅The EAEU provides for free movement of goods, services, capital and labor, pursues coordinated, harmonized, and single policy in the sectors determined by the Treaty and international agreements within the Union.
📍Structure:
✅The Supreme Eurasian Economic Council is the highest body of the EAEU, which consists of the heads of the Union’s member states.
✅The Eurasian Economic Commission, based in Moscow, is the permanent supranational regulatory body of the union.
✅The main purpose of the Commission is to ensure the functioning and development of the EAEU and developing proposals for the further development of integration.
✅The Court of the EAEU, based in Minsk, serves as the judicial body.
✅Unlike the European Commission, the Eurasian Economic Commission’s power is limited.
✅Member states disagreeing with its judgements can appeal to other bodies, and the Commission has no power to bring a member state before the Court in a case of non-compliance.
✅Disputes are often resolved bilaterally rather than via EEU institutions.
✅Unlike the European Union (EU), the EAEU does not share a common currency.
#gs2
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#prelims
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_prep_squad
✅It is an international economic union and free trade zone comprising countries located in central and northern Asia and Eastern Europe.
✅It was established by the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union signed on May 29, 2014, in Astana.
✅Member countries include Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.
✅The EAEU is being created to comprehensively upgrade, raise the competitiveness of and cooperation between the national economies, and promote stable development in order to raise the living standards of the nations of the Member-States.
✅The EAEU provides for free movement of goods, services, capital and labor, pursues coordinated, harmonized, and single policy in the sectors determined by the Treaty and international agreements within the Union.
📍Structure:
✅The Supreme Eurasian Economic Council is the highest body of the EAEU, which consists of the heads of the Union’s member states.
✅The Eurasian Economic Commission, based in Moscow, is the permanent supranational regulatory body of the union.
✅The main purpose of the Commission is to ensure the functioning and development of the EAEU and developing proposals for the further development of integration.
✅The Court of the EAEU, based in Minsk, serves as the judicial body.
✅Unlike the European Commission, the Eurasian Economic Commission’s power is limited.
✅Member states disagreeing with its judgements can appeal to other bodies, and the Commission has no power to bring a member state before the Court in a case of non-compliance.
✅Disputes are often resolved bilaterally rather than via EEU institutions.
✅Unlike the European Union (EU), the EAEU does not share a common currency.
#gs2
#ir
#prelims
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_prep_squad
Forwarded from UPSC previous year paper ( PYQ ) PDF
UPSC CSE 2024 Paper 1.pdf
6.5 MB
CSP-2024
Paper-1 (GS-1)
Paper-1 (GS-1)
🔆G7 leaders plan to invest in African countries to tackle migration
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@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
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#prelims
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@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
India is one of 12 countries and five international organisations invited by Italy to the G7 Summit's outreach session.
What PM Modi said at the G7 Summit?
What PM Modi said at the G7 Summit?
Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology
It was announced by India and USA on the sidelines of the Quad Summit in Tokyo in 2022 and was launched by the NSAs in 2023.
It comprises key technology sectors such as space, semiconductors, advanced telecommunications, artificial intelligence, quantum, biotechnology, and clean energy.
Subsequently, new areas were included: biotechnology, critical minerals and rare earths processing technologies, digital connectivity and digital public infrastructure and advanced materials.
Source
It was announced by India and USA on the sidelines of the Quad Summit in Tokyo in 2022 and was launched by the NSAs in 2023.
It comprises key technology sectors such as space, semiconductors, advanced telecommunications, artificial intelligence, quantum, biotechnology, and clean energy.
Subsequently, new areas were included: biotechnology, critical minerals and rare earths processing technologies, digital connectivity and digital public infrastructure and advanced materials.
Source
The Hindu
NSAs of India, U.S. review iCET cooperation, silent on Pannun investigation
US National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan in India. NSA Ajit Doval and American counterpart Jake Sullivan discuss India-U.S. Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies
Forwarded from INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
🔆Ties across the sea
Prime Minister Narendra Modi's recent visit to the UAE underscores the deepening bilateral ties, marked by his seventh trip to the country since 2014. This visit emphasizes the importance India places on its relationship with the UAE within the Gulf region.
A total of 10 bilateral agreements were signed during the visit, including the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and a Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), showcasing the advanced economic and investment relations between India and the UAE.
The UAE is now India's third-largest trading partner, second-largest export destination, and fourth-largest source of FDI. Initiatives like the inauguration of Bharat Mart for Indian MSMEs further strengthen these trade ties
#gs2
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@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial
Prime Minister Narendra Modi's recent visit to the UAE underscores the deepening bilateral ties, marked by his seventh trip to the country since 2014. This visit emphasizes the importance India places on its relationship with the UAE within the Gulf region.
A total of 10 bilateral agreements were signed during the visit, including the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and a Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), showcasing the advanced economic and investment relations between India and the UAE.
The UAE is now India's third-largest trading partner, second-largest export destination, and fourth-largest source of FDI. Initiatives like the inauguration of Bharat Mart for Indian MSMEs further strengthen these trade ties
#gs2
#ir
@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial