❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. virtually : One of the functions of adverbs is to modify verbs. The verb “sees” is followed and modified by the adverb “virtually”. Since it is the only adverb available among our choices, it is the right answer.
2. retain : After the infinitive maker “to” the base form of the verb is used and based on the meaning, “retain” is the right verb.
3. huddle: The sentence lacks a main verb and based on the subject-verb agreement principles, “penguins” as the plural subject of the sentence demands a plural verb. Based on the subject-verb agreement principles and the meaning, “huddle” is the right answer.
4. species : A determiner is a word that introduces a noun. It always comes before a noun, not after, and it also comes before any other adjectives used to describe the noun. “Their” as a possessive determiner, used mainly for plural nouns, is followed by the adjective “own” and a plural noun. Based on the meaning, the right noun is “species”.
5. lays : Based on the subject-verb agreement principles, “female Emperor” as the third person singular subject of the sentence demands a singular verb. Based on the subject-verb agreement principles and the meaning, “lays” is the right answer.

❇️تحلیل»

1. یکی از کارکرد های adverb توصیف کردن فعل می باشد. فعل “sees” قبل از قید “virtually” آمده و توسطش توصیف شده است. همچنین “virtually” تنها گزینه adverb ما می باشد.
2. بعد از مصدر ساز ‘to’ یک فعل در شکل اصلی اش استفاده می شود و براساس معنا، فعل صحیح “retain” می باشد.
3. جمله فاقد فعل اصلی می باشد و واژه “penguins” به عنوان فاعل جمع نیازمند یک فعل جمع است. براساس اصول توافق شده فاعل-فعل و معنا، “huddle” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
4. یک تعیین کننده (determiner ) واژه ای است که یک اسم (noun) را معرفی می کند. تعیین کننده ها همیشه قبل از یک اسم می آیند و نه بعد از آن، و همچنین قبل از هر صفتی که برای توصیف اسم استفاده شده می آید. واژه “their (+ own)” به عنوان یک تعیین کننده ملکی، که بطورکلی برای اسم جمع استفاده می شود، با صفت “own” و یک اسم جمع ادامه یافته است. براساس معنا، اسم صحیح “species” می باشد.
5. واژه “female Emperor” به عنوان فاعل سوم شخص مفرد نیازمند یک فعل مفرد است. براساس اصول توافق شده فاعل-فعل و معنا، “lays” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.

#RFIB_Analysis_New194

The glass bead trade in the province of KwaZulu-Natal is believed to be a …...1……. recent industry. In 1824, an Englishman named Henry Francis Fynn brought glass beads to the region to sell to the African people. Through the British are not considered the first to introduce glass beads, they were a main source through which the Zulu people could …...2……. the …...3……. they needed. Glass bead had already been …...4……. by the Egyptian centuries earlier around the same time when glass was discovered. Some research points to the idea that Egyptian tried to fool South Africans with glass by …...5……. it off as jewels similar in value to gold or ivory.
a) turgid b) fairly c) obediently d) access e) manufactured f) merchandise g) passing

#RFIB_New182

✅Answers:

1. fairly (adv.) : more than average, but less than very.نسبتاً – تا اندازه ای
2. access (v.) : the right or opportunity to use or receive something.دسترسی داشتن
3. merchandise (n.) : goods to be bought and sold.کالا – متاع
4. manufactured (v.) : make (something) on a large scale using machinery.تولید کردن
5. passing (n.) : to make public or offer for sale with intent to deceive; to give a false identity or character to.فریب دادن برای فروش – دادن هویت و ویژگی کاذب

#RFIB_Answer_New182

❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. fairly : The word “recent” as the adjective is preceded and modified by an adverb and based on the meaning “fairly” is the right adverb.
2. access : The word “could” is a modal verb and modal verbs cannot be used on their own. After a modal verb, the root form of a verb is generally used. Based on the meaning, “access” is the right verb.
3. merchandise : After the definite article “the” and before the subject pronoun “they” a noun is used and based on the meaning of the word “merchandise”, it is the right noun.
4. manufactured : Based on the auxiliary verb “had been”, lack of subject and the absence of the main verb in this sentence, it is obvious to us that the voice of the sentence is passive. In the past perfect tense we make passive verb forms by putting had + been before the past participle form of the verb. Based on the structure and the meaning, “manufactured” is the right answer.
5. passing : If we want to use a verb after a preposition, it must be in “–ing form”. It is impossible to use an infinitive after a preposition. This form of verbs are called “gerund”, “gerund” is a form that is derived from a verb but that functions as a noun. Based on the structure, meaning and the preposition “off”, “passing” is the right answer.

❇️تحلیل»

1. واژه “recent” به عنوان صفت در ادامه یک adverb آمده و توصیف شده توسط آن است و براساس معنا “fairly” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
2. واژه “could” یک modal verb است و آنها نمی توانند به تنهایی استفاده شوند. بعد از یک modal verb، بطورکلی شکل اصلی فعل استفاده می شود. براساس معنا، فعل صحیح “access” می باشد.
3. بعد از حرف تعریف معین “the” و قبل از ضمیر فاعلی “they” از یک اسم (noun) استفاده شده است. بر اساس معنای لغت “merchandise” پاسخ صحیح است.
4. براساس فعل کمکی (auxiliary verb) “had been”، فقدان فاعل و عدم وجود فعل اصلی در این جمله، بدیهی است که این یک جمله passive است. در زمان past perfect ساختار passive با قرار دادن had + been قبل از past participle (شکل سوم فعل) ساخته می شود. براساس ساختار و معنا، واژه “manufactured” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
5. اگر بخواهیم بعد از یک حرف اضافه از یک فعل استفاده کنیم، باید شکل –ing فعل باشد. استفاده از مصدر فعل (infinitive) بعد از حرف اضافه غیرممکن است. این شکل از فعل “gerund” نامیده می شوند، “gerund” فرمی است که از فعل ناشی می شود ولی به عنوان یک اسم (noun) عمل می کند. براساس ساختار، معنا و حرف اضافه “off”، پاسخ صحیح “passing” می باشد.

#RFIB_Analysis_New182

Yet, despite the growth of the science of music therapy within the last two centuries, and despite the huge weight of books published on the …...1……. ‘Mozart effect’, our schools and colleges have fallen …...2……. silent. The so-called ‘Mozart effect’, …...3……. anecdotal and statistical evidence for advances in both social and academic skills in those children exposed in their formative years to the music of Mozart. But, in an age obsessed by …...4……. and by short-term vocational learning, music has been …...5……. in both primary and secondary education.

a) pragmatism b) Knavishly c) strangely d) diminish e) marginalized f) presents g) miraculous


#RFIB_New302

✅Answers:

1. miraculous (adj.) : very effective or surprising or difficult to believe.معجزه آسا
2. strangely (adv.) : in a way that is unusual, unexpected or difficult to understand. به طرز عجیبی
3. presents (v.) : to give, provide or make known.ارائه کردن
4. pragmatism (n.) : when you deal with a problem in a realistic way rather than obeying fixed theories, ideas or rules.عمل گرایی
5. marginalized (v.) : to treat someone or something as if they are not important. به حاشیه راندن

#RFIB_Answer_302

❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. miraculous: Attributive adjective is an adjective that usually comes before the noun it modifies without a linking verb. The phrase “Mozart effect” as a compound noun is preceded and described by an adjective “miraculous”. Based on the meaning, “miraculous” is the right adjective.
2. strangely : One of the functions of adverbs is to modify adjectives. The adjective “silent” is preceded and modified by the adverb “strangely”. Based on the structure and the meaning, it is the right answer.
3. presents : The sentence lacks a main verb and based on the subject-verb agreement principles, the phrase “Mozart effect” as the singular subject of the sentence demands a singular verb. Based on the subject-verb agreement principles and the meaning, “presents” is the right answer.
4. pragmatism : After the preposition “by” a noun is used and based on the meaning of the word “pragmatism”, it is the right noun.
5. marginalized : Based on the auxiliary verb “has been”, lack of subject and the absence of the main verb in this sentence, it is obvious to us that the voice of the sentence is passive. In the present perfect tense we make passive verb forms by putting has/have + been before the past participle form of the verb. Based on the structure and meaning, “marginalized” is the right answer.

❇️تحلیل»

۱. یک attributive adjective، صفتی است که معمولاً قبل از اسمی (noun) که توصیف می کند و بدون یک فعل ربط (linking verb) می آید. عبارت “Mozart effect” به عنوان اسم مرکب (compound noun) در ادامه یک صفت که “miraculous” می باشد آمده و توسط اش توصیف شده است. براساس معنا، صفت صحیح “miraculous” می باشد.
۲. یکی از کارکرد های adverb توصیف کردن فعل می باشد. صفت “silent” بعد از قید “strangely” آمده و توسطش توصیف شده است. براساس معنا و ساختار گزینه صحیح “strangely” می باشد.
۳. جمله فاقد فعل اصلی می باشد و عبارت “Mozart effect” به عنوان فاعل مفرد نیازمند یک فعل مفرد است. براساس اصول توافق شده فاعل-فعل و معنا، “presents” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
۴. بعد از حرف اضافه “by” از یک اسم (noun) استفاده شده است. بر اساس معنای لغت “pragmatism” پاسخ صحیح است.
۵. براساس فعل کمکی (auxiliary verb) ‘has been’، فقدان فاعل و عدم وجود فعل اصلی در این جمله، بدیهی است که این یک جمله passive است. در زمان present perfect ساختار passive با قرار دادن has/have + been قبل از past participle (شکل سوم فعل) ساخته می شود. براساس ساختار و معنا، واژه “marginalized” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.

#RFIB_Analysis_New302

Living in the Antarctic hasn’t always been so comfortable. Snow build-ups caused ........1.......problems for four .......2......stations on the same site, which were buried and finally ......3.....by the weight. Fortunately no-one was hurt, but these buildings became a huge .......4.....to architects who finally came up with a remarkable solution the buildings are placed on ......5.........which can be raised above the changing snow level on legs which are......6....... .
#lfib14

✅ Answer:
1.enormous, 2.previous, 3.crushed, 4.challenge, 5.platforms ,6.extendable.
#lfib14

The single largest problem faced by people who manage the ..........is – yes, I’m sure you’ve guessed-damage ..............by visitors, even though it’s usually.......................... . Whenever you do go to a site, don’t forget you can learn many things from .................at a ...................instead of walking all over it. This can really help to ..............visitor pressure. People often say, ‘Well, there’s only two of us and just this one time’, but maybe thousands of people are saying the same thing.
#lfib20

✅ Answer:
sites, caused, unintentional, observing , distance , reduce.
#lfib20

When it was ........... in 1995, many features of the film were seen as ............ . It is still considered to be one of the most ............... achievements in the history of film animation. A later film, Monsters, Inc, which came out in 2001, added a new animation feature, which was the on-screen ............. of animal fur.This helped to ............... the appeal of one of the film’s central characters. Two years after that, the awaed-winning film finding Nemo –a tale of the lives of some very appealing and visually ........... fish – ................ new techniques in digital lighting, which were used to creat realistic looking water.
#lfib 55

✅ Answer:
released, outstanding, significant , representation, enhance, enchanting, pioneered .
#lfib 55

📌 متن :

🖥 Oceanographers are increasingly concerned about the accelerating rate of coral reef degradation, a phenomenon linked to rising sea temperatures, pollution, and unsustainable fishing practices. Coral reefs, often described as the “rainforests of the sea,” provide habitat for a vast array of marine species while protecting coastal regions from erosion. Hence, preservation efforts are deemed essential.



✳️ Check out the boldfaced words in a dictionary to study their pronunciation, collocations, parts of speech, and examples.

#Read_Aloud #RA

#Read_Aloud #RA

Bhutan’s approach to national progress is unique in that it measures success based on Gross National Happiness.
This philosophy avoids narrowly ______ success by GDP and instead includes emotional, spiritual, and environmental well-being.
Despite its popularity, the model has raised concerns.
Some analysts believe it risks __ practical needs in favor of abstract ideals.
Others argue that its success so far depends on a relatively small, cohesive population,
which may be difficult to __ in other nations.

repeat
overestimating
defining
overlooking
replicate
define