Literature is a timeless treasure trove of human expression and imagination. Through the written word, authors have crafted stories, poems, and plays that transport readers to different worlds, evoke emotions, and challenge perspectives. Let's embark on a journey to explore the rich tapestry of literary works that have left an indelible mark on our hearts and minds. One of the most celebrated literary works is "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee. This novel, set in the American South during the 1930s, delves into issues of racism, justice, and morality through the eyes of young Scout Finch. With its powerful themes and memorable characters, "To Kill a Mockingbird" continues to be a thought-provoking and influential work.
In the realm of poetry, the works of Emily Dickinson stand out. Her concise yet profound poems explore themes of nature, love, and the human experience. Dickinson's unique style and use of imagery have made her one of the most beloved and studied poets in American literature. Shakespeare's plays, including "Romeo and Juliet," "Hamlet," and "Macbeth," remain timeless classics. His mastery of language, intricate plots, and exploration of universal themes like love, ambition, and power have ensured his enduring legacy in the world of literature. Contemporary literature has also produced remarkable works. Arundhati Roy's "The God of Small Things" is a modern masterpiece that weaves a complex narrative of family, love, and societal norms in India. The novel's lyrical prose and evocative storytelling have earned it critical acclaim and a dedicated readership. Literary works have the power to transcend time and place, offering readers a window into the human condition. Each work carries its own unique voice and perspective, inviting us to reflect on our own lives and the world around us. As we delve into the pages of these literary treasures, we embark on a journey of discovery, empathy, and enlightenment, finding solace and inspiration in the beauty of words.


#SWT

✍🏼 Noteworthy points of the passage:

works of literature (OR literary works)
crafting stories and poems through the written word
leaving an indelible mark on our hearts and minds
transcending time and place
finding inspiration in the beauty of words

👁‍🗨
- Supporting ideas: Names of authors could be used

تحلیل و بررسی کلید واژه های SWT

Literary works

#SWT_Analysis

Essay Topic:


Rather than choose a subject that is suitable for future employment possibilities, you should choose a subject that you interested in or could get good grades. Agree or disagree?


#WE #Write_Essay

Sample Answer:


T1: choosing a subject
N1: university majors
N2: going to college

T2: being suitable for future employment possibilities
N3: job hunt
N4: getting hired
N5: job security

T3: being interested in a subject
N6: favorite subjects
N7: enjoying the courses
N8: having enthusiasm

T4: getting good grades
N9: passing the courses with flying colors
N10: doing well in the classes


#WE #Write_Essay

A study by computer scientist David Moffat of Glasgow Caledonian University …...1……. a clue. He asked both expert and non-expert to …...2……. six compositions. The …...3……. weren’t told beforehand whether the tunes were …...4……. by humans or computers, but were asked to guess, and then rate how much they liked each one. People who thought the composer was a computer tended to dislike the piece more than those who believed it was humans. This was true even among the experts, who might have been expected to be more …...5……. in their analyses.

a) unabashedly b) composed c) absentmindedly d) provides e) objective f) assess g) participants

#RFIB_New145

✅Answers:

1. provides (v.) : make available for use; supply.فراهم کردن – مهیا کردن
2. assess (v) : evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of.ارزیابی کردن
3. participants (n.) : a person who takes part in something. شرکت کنندگان
4. composed (v.) : write or create (a work of art, especially music or poetry).ساختن – سرودن
5. objective (adj.) : (of a person or their judgment) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts. واقعگرایانه – بی طرف – علمی و بدون نظر خصوصی

#RFIB_Answer_New145

❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. provides : “study” as the third person subject of the sentence demands a singular verb and “provides” is the only third person singular verb possible. Based on the subject-verb agreement principles, “provides” is the right answer.
2. assess : After the infinitive maker “to” the base form of the verb is used and based on the meaning, “assess” is the right verb.
3. participants : After the definite article “the” and before the verb “were” a noun is used and based on the meaning, “participants” is the right noun.
4. composed : The sentence has a passive voice and the general rule for sentences in simple past passive is: 'Object + was / were + past participle of main verb (third form). We use 'by' with the passive if we want to identify who or what did the action. Based on the meaning and the tense “composed” is the right answer.
5. objective : Adjectives are usually placed before the nouns they modify, but when used with linking verbs, such as the different forms of to-be or sense verbs, they are placed after the verb. This type of verb links the subject of the sentence with an adjective or noun. These adjectives are called predicative adjectives. After the linking verb “be” and the word “more” an adjective can be placed. Based on the meaning, the right adjective is “objective”.

❇️تحلیل»

1. واژه “study” به عنوان فاعل سوم شخص مفرد نیازمند یک فعل مفرد است و “provides” تنها گزینه فعل سوم شخص می باشد. براساس اصول توافق شده فاعل-فعل، “provides” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
2. بعد از مصدر ساز ‘to’ یک فعل در شکل اصلی اش استفاده می شود و براساس معنا، فعل صحیح “assess” می باشد.
3. بعد از حرف تعریف معین “the” و فعل “were” یک اسم (noun) استفاده شده است و براساس معنا، اسم صحیح “participants” می باشد.
4. ساختار جمله مجهول می باشد و قانون کلی جمله ها در گذشته ساده مجهول برابر است با: object + was / were + past participle. در جمله های مجهول برای شناساندن کسی یا چیزی (فاعل) که عمل را انجام داده از ‘by’ استفاده می کنیم. براساس معنا و زمان فعل “composed” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
5. صفت ها معمولاً قبل از اسمی (noun) که توصیف می کنند قرار می گیرند، اما وقتی با فعل ربط (linking verbs) همانند شکل های مختلف فعل to-be یا فعل های sense استفاده شوند، بعد از فعل قرار می گیرند. این گونه از فعل، فاعل را به صفت یا اسم مرتبط و متصل می کند. این صفت ها predicative adjectives نامیده می شوند. بعد از فعل ربط “be” و واژه “more” یک صفت می تواند قرار گیرد. براساس معنا، صفت صحیح “objective” می باشد.

#RFIB_Analysis_New145

One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga. Another feature that …...1……. a lot of attention was an …...2……. journey through a number of the locations chosen for blockbuster films which had made use of New Zealand’s …...3……. scenery as a …...4…….. As the site developed, additional features were added to help independent travellers devise their own customised …...5…….. To make it easier to plan motoring holidays, the site catalogued the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season and indicating distances and times.

a) cede b) itineraries c) interactive d) attracted e) backdrop f) indulges g) stunning

#RFIB_New140

✅Answers:

1. attracted (v.) : cause to come to a place or participate in a venture by offering something of interest, favorable conditions, or opportunities. جذب کردن
2. interactive (adj.) : (of two people or things) influencing or having an effect on each other. در ارتباط بودن
3. stunning (adj.) : extremely impressive or attractive. خیره کننده - حیرت زده
4. backdrop (n.) : the view behind something. پس زمینه
5. itineraries (n.) : a planned route or journey. برنامه های سفر – سفرنامه

#RFIB_Answer_New140

❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. attracted : The simple past is a verb tense which is used to show that a completed action took place at a specific time in the past. This sentence lacks a main verb and since the sentence has a past tense, the verb needs to be used in its past tense as well. Based on the tense and the meaning, the right verb is ” attracted”.
2. interactive : An attributive adjective is an adjective that usually comes before the noun it modifies without a linking verb. The word “journey” as noun is preceded and described by an adjective “interactive”. Based on the meaning and the article “an”, “interactive” is the right adjective.
3. stunning : An attributive adjective is an adjective that usually comes before the noun it modifies without a linking verb. The word “scenery” as noun is preceded and described by an adjective “stunning”. Based on the meaning, “stunning” is the right adjective.
4. backdrop : After the indefinite article “a” a noun is used and based on the article and the meaning of the word “backdrop”, it is the right noun.
5. itineraries : Since the Adjective’s main function is to describe and modify nouns, “customised” as an adjective is followed by the noun it modifies. Based on the meaning, the right noun is “itineraries”.

❇️تحلیل»

1. گذشته ساده یک فعل زمانی است که برای نشان دادن یک عمل به اتمام رسیده که در یک زمان مشخص در گذشته رخ داده است، استفاده می شود. این جمله فاقد یک فعل اصلی است و از آنجایی که جمله در زمان گذشته است، نیاز است که فعل هم در حالت گذشته باشد. براساس زمان (tense) و معنا، فعل صحیح “attracted” می باشد.
2. یک attributive adjective، صفتی است که معمولاً قبل از اسمی (noun) که توصیف می کند و بدون یک فعل ربط (linking verb) می آید. واژه “journey” به عنوان اسم (noun) در ادامه یک صفت که “interactive” می باشد آمده و توسط اش توصیف شده است. براساس معنا و حرف تعریف “an”، صفت صحیح “interactive” می باشد.
3. یک attributive adjective، صفتی است که معمولاً قبل از اسمی (noun) که توصیف می کند و بدون یک فعل ربط (linking verb) می آید. واژه “scenery” به عنوان اسم (noun) در ادامه یک صفت که “stunning” می باشد آمده و توسط اش توصیف شده است. براساس معنا، صفت صحیح “stunning” می باشد.
4. بعد از حرف تعریف نامعین “a” از یک اسم (noun) استفاده شده است. بر اساس معنای لغت “backdrop” پاسخ صحیح است.
5. از آنجایی که کارکرد اصلی صفت توصیف و اصلاح اسم (noun) می باشد، واژه “customised” به عنوان یک صفت با یک اسم که آن را توصیف می کند ادامه یافته است. براساس معنا، اسم صحیح “itineraries” می باشد.

#RFIB_Analysis_New140

Why does music make us feel? On the one hand, music is a …...1……. abstract art form, devoid of language or …...2……. ideas. And yet, even though music says little, it still manages to touch us deeply. When listening to our favourite songs, our body betrays all the symptoms of emotional arousal. The pupils in our eyes …...3……., our pulse and blood pressure rise, the electrical …...4……. of our skin is lowered, and the cerebellum, a brain region associated with bodily movement, becomes strangely active. Blood is even re-directed to the muscles in our legs. In other words, sound …...5……. us at our biological roots.

a) conductance b) dilate c) extravagantly d) explicit e) forbade f) stirs g) purely

#RFIB_New122

✅Answers:

1. purely (adv.) : in a pure manner. صرفاً – خالصانه
2. explicit (adj.) : stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.صریح – روشن و واضح
3. dilate (v.) : make or become wider, larger, or more open.گشاد شدن – منبسط شدن
4. conductance (n.) : the degree to which an object conducts electricity, calculated as the ratio of the current that flows to the potential difference present.رسانایی – میزان و قدرت رسانایی و انتقال
5. stirs (v.) : to rouse to activity : evoke strong feelings in. برانگیختن احساسات شدید – تحریک کردن

#RFIB_Answer_New122

❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. purely : The word “abstract” as the adjective is preceded and modified by an adverb and based on the meaning “purely” is the right adverb.
2. explicit : An attributive adjective is an adjective that usually comes before the noun it modifies without a linking verb. The word “ideas” as a noun is preceded and described by an adjective “explicit”. Based on the meaning, “explicit” is the right adjective.
3. dilate : Based on the subject-verb agreement principles, “pupils” as the plural subject demands a plural verb and therefore “dilate” is the right verb.
4. conductance : Since the Adjective’s main function is to describe and modify nouns, “electrical” as an adjective is followed by the noun it modifies. Based on the meaning, the right noun is “conductance”.
5. stirs : “sound” as the third person subject of the sentence demands a singular verb and “stirs” is the only third person singular verb possible. Based on the subject-verb agreement principles, “stirs” is the right answer.

❇️تحلیل»

1. واژه “abstract” به عنوان صفت در ادامه یک adverb آمده و توصیف شده توسط آن است و براساس معنا “purely” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
2. یک attributive adjective، صفتی است که معمولاً قبل از اسمی (noun) که توصیف می کند و بدون یک فعل ربط (linking verb) می آید. واژه “ideas” به عنوان یک اسم (noun) با یک صفت که “explicit” می باشد ادامه یافته و توسط اش توصیف شده است. براساس معنا، صفت صحیح “explicit” می باشد.
3. . براساس اصول توافقی فاعل-فعل، واژه “pupils”به عنوان فاعل جمع خواستار یک فعل جمع است، بنابراین پاسخ صحیح “dilate”می باشد.
4. از آنجایی که کارکرد اصلی صفت توصیف و اصلاح اسم (noun) می باشد، واژه “electrical” به عنوان یک صفت با یک اسم که آن را توصیف می کند ادامه یافته است. براساس معنا، اسم صحیح “conductance” می باشد.
5. واژه “sound” به عنوان فاعل سوم شخص مفرد نیازمند یک فعل مفرد است و “stirs” تنها گزینه فعل سوم شخص می باشد. براساس اصول توافق شده فاعل-فعل، “stirs” پاسخ صحیح می باشد.
#RFIB_Analysis_New122