It is harder for children to grow up in the 21st century than it was in the past. How far do you agree with this statement? Give your opinions.

#WE

توضیحات تکمیلی برای تمرین امروز
لطفا حتما گوش بفرمایین 🍀

#SST #Summarize_Spoken_Text

Lecture Script:


Mathematics plays a pivotal role in our understanding of cosmology. During the 1970s, the lecturer was a physicist deeply immersed in the exploration of cosmology. Scientists have endeavored to harness the power of mathematics to unravel the mysteries of the universe. From the intricacies of gravitational forces to the formation of galaxies, mathematics provides the essential framework for comprehending these phenomena. We encounter manifestations of mathematical principles throughout nature, from the Fibonacci sequence in flower petals to the geometric patterns of snowflakes. These patterns reflect the underlying mathematical order that governs the cosmos. Mathematics serves as the universal language that not only describes but also predicts the behavior of celestial bodies and the fundamental forces shaping our universe. In essence, the relationship between mathematics and cosmology is symbiotic. Mathematics empowers cosmologists to formulate theories and models that elucidate the origins and evolution of the universe. It serves as a bridge between empirical observation and theoretical speculation, offering a coherent framework through which we can explore the vast expanses of space and time.



#SST #Summarize_Spoken_Text

Lecture mention-worthy points:

🔑 Mathematics

🔑 our understanding of cosmology

🔑 the exploration of cosmology

🔑 mysteries of the universe

🔑 gravitational forces

🔑 the formation of galaxies

🔑 manifestations of mathematical principles

🔑 the Fibonacci sequence

🔑 the geometric patterns of snowflakes

🔑 universal language

🔑 the behavior of celestial bodies

🔑 fundamental forces

🔑 the relationship between mathematics and cosmology

🔑 origins and evolution of the universe

🔑 empirical observation

🔑 theoretical speculation


#SST #Summarize_Spoken_Text

🖥 The realm of microbiology unveils a microscopic universe teeming with life forms that play crucial roles in maintaining ecological balance. These microorganisms, ranging from beneficial bacteria aiding digestion to pathogens causing diseases, exhibit remarkable adaptability. Delving into their complex interactions reveals insights into evolutionary processes and offers potential advancements in medical science.


✳️ Check out the boldfaced words in a dictionary to study their pronunciation, collocations, parts of speech, and examples.

#Read_Aloud #RA

#Read_Aloud #RA

Disabled people were among the early adopters of personal computers. They were quick to appreciate that word processing programs and printers gave them freedom from dependence on others to read and write for them. Some of these disabled early adopters became very knowledgeable about what could be achieved and used their knowledge to become independent students at a high level. They also gained the confidence to ask that providers of education make adjustments so that disabled students could make better use of course software and the web, rather than just word processing.
For some disability groups, information in electronic format (whether computer-based or web-based) can be more accessible than printed information. For example, people who have limited mobility or limited manual skills can find it difficult to obtain or hold printed material; visually impaired people can find it difficult or impossible to read print, but both these groups can be enabled to use a computer and, therefore, access the information electronically.
Online communication can enable disabled students to communicate with their peers on an equal basis. For example, a deaf student or a student with Asperger’s syndrome may find it difficult to interact in a face-to-face tutorial, but may have less difficulty interacting when using a text conferencing system in which everyone types and reads text. In addition, people’s disabilities are not necessarily visible in online communication systems; so disabled people do nit have to declare their disability and are not perceived as being different.


#NPh #Noun_Phrase

Sample Noun Phrases:


💠Disabled people

💠personal computers

💠word processing programs

💠becoming very knowledgeable

💠independent students

💠gaining the confidence

💠providers of education

💠electronic format

💠limited manual skills

💠visually impaired people

💠online communication systems


#NPh #Noun_Phrase

🖥 The phenomenon of climate change, driven primarily by anthropogenic activities, manifests in the alteration of global weather patterns and the exacerbation of extreme events. This complex interplay between greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and industrial processes accelerates the warming of the Earth's atmosphere. Consequently, ecosystems and biodiversity face unprecedented challenges, necessitating urgent and coordinated international efforts.


✳️ Check out the boldfaced words in a dictionary to study their pronunciation, collocations, parts of speech, and examples.

#Read_Aloud #RA

#Read_Aloud #RA

Four people were arrested in New Delhi, India, for putting on the black market oxygen concentrators at ----1---- prices through online ----2----. Due to the ----3---- of oxygen concentrators in the market during the pandemic, they started ----4---- the life-saving equipment and they sold them at a high price. The four men hid the ----5---- in a restaurant and a bar at Central Market in Lodhi Colony.

A) Equipment B) Scarcity C) Lodge D) Exorbitant
E) Hoarding F) Meager G) Portals

#RFIB _ S.102

✅ Answer:
1. Exorbitant 2. Portals 3. Scarcity 4. Hoarding 5. Equipment
#RFIB _ S.102

❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. Exorbitant (adj.): after the gap a noun is used so in the gap we must use an adjective and based on meaning “exorbitant” is correct.
2. Portals (n.): after the adjective “online” we must use a noun and based on meaning “portals” is correct.
3. Scarcity (n.): after the article “the” we must use a noun and based on meaning “scarcity” is correct.
4. Hoarding (v.): the verb that is used after the main verb must be either in gerund form or to + infinitive and based on meaning “hoarding” is correct.
5. Equipment (n.): after the article “the” we must use a noun and based on meaning “equipment” is correct.

تحلیل :
1. بعد از جای خالی اسم استفاده شده است پس در جای خالی باید صفت استفاده شود و با توجه به معنا کلمه exorbitant صحیح است.
2. بعد از صفت online اسم استفاده میشود و براساس معنا کلمه portals صحیح است.
3. بعد از حرف تعریف the اسم باید استفاده شود و براساس معنا کلمه scarcity صحیح است.
4. بعد از فعل اصلی, فعل بعدی باید یا در حالت gerund و یا to + infinitive استفاده شود و براساس معنا کلمه hoarding صحیح است.
5. بعد از حرف تعریف the اسم باید استفاده شود و براساس معنا کلمه equipment صحیح است.

1. Exorbitant (adj.): (of a price or amount charged) unreasonably high. گزاف
2. Portals (n.): a doorway, gate, or other entrance, especially a large and imposing one. درگاه ها
3. Scarcity (n.): the state of being scarce or in short supply; shortage. کمبود
4. Hoarding (v.): to collect large amounts of something and keep it in a safe, often secret, place. ذخیره, احتکار
5. Equipment (n.): the necessary items for a particular purpose. تجهیزات
#RFIB _ S.102

The process of ----1---- 5G mobile equipment has begun for thousands of network towers across Europe. Countries including the UK, France, and Sweden are doing this work because the United States said that China’s Huawei ----2---- an unacceptable risk to national security. Huawei has ----3---- and repeatedly denied this ----4----. Transplanting Huawei technology is ----5---- to cost hundreds of millions of dollars and several years to complete.

A) Posed B) Allegation C) Encumber D) Ripping out E) Attribution
F) Expected G) Vehemently
#RFIB _ S.105

✅ Answer:
1. Ripping out 2. Posed 3. Vehemently 4. Allegation 5. Expected
#RFIB _ S.105

❇️Analysis of the answers:

1. Ripping out (v.): after the preposition “for” we must use a noun and a gerund verb can take the role of a noun and based on meaning “ripping out” is correct.
2. Posed (v.): according to English word order after a noun we must use a verb and based on meaning “posed” is correct.
3. Vehemently (adv.): based on English word order after a verb, an adjective can be used and based on meaning “vehemently” is correct.
4. Allegation (n.): after the pronoun “this” we must use a noun and based on meaning “allegation” is correct.
5. Expected (v.): the sentence is passive which is to-be + past participle and based on meaning “expected” is correct.

تحلیل :
1. بعد از حرف اضافه of اسم استفاده میشود و فعل در حالت gerund(-ing) میتواند نقش اسم را نیز ایفا کند و با توجه به معنا فعل ripping out صحیح است.
2. با توجه به چینش کلمات در انگلیسی بعد از اسم باید فعل استفاده شود و براساس معنا کلمه posed صحیح است.
3. با توجه به چینش کلمات در انگلیسی بعد از فعل میتوانیم صفت نیز استفاده کنیم و با توجه به معنا کلمه vehemently صحیح است.
4. بعد از this که یک determiner است اسم استفاده میشود و براساس معنا کلمه allegation صحیح است.
5. جمله در حالت passive است که دستور آن to-be verb + past participle میباشد و با توجه به معنا کلمه expected صحیح است.

1. Ripping out (v.): To tear, pull, or wrest someone or something out (of someone or something), especially in a violent, forceful manner. از هم جدا کردن
2. Posed (v.): to cause something, especially a problem or difficulty. موجب شدن
3. Vehemently (adv.): in a strong and emotional way. شدید
4. Allegation (n.): a statement which has not been proved to be true which says that someone has done something wrong or illegal. اتهام
5. Expected (v.): to think or believe something will happen. انتظار رفتن
#RFIB _ S.105