Mavzuni mustahkamlash uchun
📋 Singular and plural
O'zbekchada "lar" qo'shimchasi ko'plikni anglatganidek inglizchada ham so'zning oxiriga s, es, ies va ves qo'shimchalaridan biri qo'shilishi yoki so'zning o'zgarishi bilan bo'ladi.
So'zning oxiri s, sh, ch, x harflaridan biri bilan tugagan bo'lsa, ko'plikni bildirish uchun "es" qo'shamiz:
bus - buses,
dish - dishes,
church - churches,
box - boxes.
Bundan tashqari quyidagi so'zlarda ham shunday:
potato - potatoes,
tomato - tomatoes.
So'zning oxiri "y" harfi bilan tugab, undan oldingi harf unli bo'lmasa "y"ni o'rniga "ies" qo'yamiz:
baby - babies,
party - parties.
Agar "y" harfidan oldin unli harflar kelsa, "s" qo'shiladi:
day - days,
boy - boys,
guy - guys,
key - keys.
So'zning oxiri f va fe bilan tugagan so'zlarda f va fe o'rniga "ves" qo'shamiz:
shelf - shelves,
wife - wives.
Bulardan boshqa so'zlarda faqat "s" qo'shiladi:
week - weeks,
flower - flowers,
brother - brothers.
Quyidagi so'zlarga o'xshash ikki bo'lakli narsalar ham asli bitta bo'lsada ko'plik deb e'tiborga olinadi:
scissors - qaychi,
glasses - ko'zoynak,
shoes - poyafzal,
jeans - shim
va hokazo.
Ammo "pair" (juft) so'zida ko'plik qo'shimchasi yo'qligi uchun birlikda deb e'tiborga olinadi. Bu so'zda a/an ishlatish mumkin.
Ba'zi so'zlarni ko'plikda ishlatish uchun hech qanday qo'shimcha qo'shilmaydi, so'zning o'zi o'zgaradi: man - men,
child - children,
foot - feet,
mOuse - mice,
woman - women,
tooth - teeth.
❗️Sheep va fish so'zlari umuman o'zgarmaydi.
☄ @learnenglish_uz
📋 Singular and plural
O'zbekchada "lar" qo'shimchasi ko'plikni anglatganidek inglizchada ham so'zning oxiriga s, es, ies va ves qo'shimchalaridan biri qo'shilishi yoki so'zning o'zgarishi bilan bo'ladi.
So'zning oxiri s, sh, ch, x harflaridan biri bilan tugagan bo'lsa, ko'plikni bildirish uchun "es" qo'shamiz:
bus - buses,
dish - dishes,
church - churches,
box - boxes.
Bundan tashqari quyidagi so'zlarda ham shunday:
potato - potatoes,
tomato - tomatoes.
So'zning oxiri "y" harfi bilan tugab, undan oldingi harf unli bo'lmasa "y"ni o'rniga "ies" qo'yamiz:
baby - babies,
party - parties.
Agar "y" harfidan oldin unli harflar kelsa, "s" qo'shiladi:
day - days,
boy - boys,
guy - guys,
key - keys.
So'zning oxiri f va fe bilan tugagan so'zlarda f va fe o'rniga "ves" qo'shamiz:
shelf - shelves,
wife - wives.
Bulardan boshqa so'zlarda faqat "s" qo'shiladi:
week - weeks,
flower - flowers,
brother - brothers.
Quyidagi so'zlarga o'xshash ikki bo'lakli narsalar ham asli bitta bo'lsada ko'plik deb e'tiborga olinadi:
scissors - qaychi,
glasses - ko'zoynak,
shoes - poyafzal,
jeans - shim
va hokazo.
Ammo "pair" (juft) so'zida ko'plik qo'shimchasi yo'qligi uchun birlikda deb e'tiborga olinadi. Bu so'zda a/an ishlatish mumkin.
Ba'zi so'zlarni ko'plikda ishlatish uchun hech qanday qo'shimcha qo'shilmaydi, so'zning o'zi o'zgaradi: man - men,
child - children,
foot - feet,
mOuse - mice,
woman - women,
tooth - teeth.
❗️Sheep va fish so'zlari umuman o'zgarmaydi.
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Ingliz tilida olmoshlar
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Ingliz tilida personal pronouns deganda kishi (shaxs)ni o’rniga ishlatiladigan olmoshlar tushuniladi.
Masalan:
Temur is my brother. He is my brother. (Temur mening akam. U mening akam)
Bu yerda Temur ot bo’lsa, he uning o’rnida ishlatilyapti. Ya’ni shaxs o’rniga qo’llanilmoqda.
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Ingliz tilida personal pronouns deganda kishi (shaxs)ni o’rniga ishlatiladigan olmoshlar tushuniladi.
Masalan:
Temur is my brother. He is my brother. (Temur mening akam. U mening akam)
Bu yerda Temur ot bo’lsa, he uning o’rnida ishlatilyapti. Ya’ni shaxs o’rniga qo’llanilmoqda.
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Ingliz tilida olmoshlar
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Ingliz tilida 3ta shaxs mavjud.
I-shaxs — so’zlovchi,
II-shaxs — tinglovchi,
III-shaxs — boshqa, suhbatga aloqasi bo’lmagan odam
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Ingliz tilida 3ta shaxs mavjud.
I-shaxs — so’zlovchi,
II-shaxs — tinglovchi,
III-shaxs — boshqa, suhbatga aloqasi bo’lmagan odam
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Ingliz tilida olmoshlar
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Biz he deb faqat erkak kishi yoki o'g’il bolaga, she deb faqat qiz yoki ayolga, it deb esa narsa buyum va jonivorga nisbatan ishlatamiz. O’zbek tiliga u deb tarjima qilinadi. Ko’plik shaklida esa hammasiga faqatgina they (ular) qo’llaniladi.
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Biz he deb faqat erkak kishi yoki o'g’il bolaga, she deb faqat qiz yoki ayolga, it deb esa narsa buyum va jonivorga nisbatan ishlatamiz. O’zbek tiliga u deb tarjima qilinadi. Ko’plik shaklida esa hammasiga faqatgina they (ular) qo’llaniladi.
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Ingliz tilida olmoshlar
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Ingliz tilida Kishilik olmoshlarining ikkita shakli bo’lib: Subject pronoun va Object Pronoun.
Subject Pronoun ega bo’lib kelgan otlar o’rniga ishlatilsa, Object Pronoun to’ldiruvchi bo’lib kelgan otlar o’rnida ishlatiladi.
Misollar:
SAIDA goes to school – SHE goes to school (SAIDA maktabga - boradi - U maktabga boradi)
SAIDA - SHE subject (ega o’rnida)
BOBUR helps UMIDA every day – He helps her every day
BOBUR - He subject (ega),
UMIDA - her object (to’ldiruvchi)
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Ingliz tilida Kishilik olmoshlarining ikkita shakli bo’lib: Subject pronoun va Object Pronoun.
Subject Pronoun ega bo’lib kelgan otlar o’rniga ishlatilsa, Object Pronoun to’ldiruvchi bo’lib kelgan otlar o’rnida ishlatiladi.
Misollar:
SAIDA goes to school – SHE goes to school (SAIDA maktabga - boradi - U maktabga boradi)
SAIDA - SHE subject (ega o’rnida)
BOBUR helps UMIDA every day – He helps her every day
BOBUR - He subject (ega),
UMIDA - her object (to’ldiruvchi)
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Ingliz tilida olmoshlar
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Subject Pronoun: I (men), We (biz), You (siz yoki sen), They (ular), He (u), She (u), It (u)
Object Pronoun: me - meni/menga, you - sizni/sizga, him/her/it – uni/unga, us - bizni / bizga, you - sizlarni/sizlarga, them - ularni/ularga
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Personal pronouns - Kishilik olmoshlari
Subject Pronoun: I (men), We (biz), You (siz yoki sen), They (ular), He (u), She (u), It (u)
Object Pronoun: me - meni/menga, you - sizni/sizga, him/her/it – uni/unga, us - bizni / bizga, you - sizlarni/sizlarga, them - ularni/ularga
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Ingliz tilida olmoshlar:
Possessive adjectives
my — mening
your — sening
his — uning (o’gil)
her — uning (qiz)
its — uning (narsalarga)
our — bizning
their — ularning
☄ @learnenglish_uz
Possessive adjectives
my — mening
your — sening
his — uning (o’gil)
her — uning (qiz)
its — uning (narsalarga)
our — bizning
their — ularning
☄ @learnenglish_uz