🔴 Right Heart Catheterization Cheat Sheet: Interpretation of Pressures and Waveforms

✅Direct measurements
● Central venous pressure (CVP)
● Right-sided intracardiac pressures (RA, RV)
● Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAp)
● Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)
● Cardiac output (CO)
● Mixed venous oxyhemoglobin saturation (SvO2)

✅Normal Cardiac heamodynamic values

✅Indirect measurements
● Systemic vascular resistance (770-1500 d/s/cm5) (SVR = 80 x [mean artery pressure – CVP]/CO)
● Pulmonary vascular resistance (20-120 d/s/cm5) (PVR = 80 x [mean PAp – PCWP]/CO)
● Cardiac index (2.5-4 L/min/m2) (CI = CO/body surface area)
● Stroke volume index (33-47 ml/beats/m2) (SVI = CI/heart rate)
● Left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI = [MAP – PCWP] x SVI x 0.136)
● Right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI = [mean PAp – CVP] x SVI x 0.136)
● Oxygen delivery (DO2 = CI x 13.4 x Hb x SaO2)
● Oxygen uptake (VO2 = CI x 13.4 x Hb conc x [SaO2 – SvO2])

✅RA pressures and waveforms
● a wave:contraction in atrial systole
● x descent: fall in RA pressure (atrial diastole)
● c wave: closure of the tricuspid valve.
● v wave: ventricular systole + passive atrial filling in atrial diastole.
● y descent: fall in RA pressure following opening of the TV + passive filling of RV


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