Frequent alcohol consumption and development of atrial fibrillation
Introduction
Drinking large amounts of alcohol is one of the risk factors for developing atrial fibrillation (AF). At the moment, recommendations for alcohol consumption are aimed at reducing the consumption of its absolute amount. Until now, it was not known how the frequency of drinking affects the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
In this study, we studied the effect of the frequency of alcohol consumption, the effect of the amount of alcohol consumed at a time and per week on the risk of AF.
Methods
The analysis included 9 776 956 people without AF who participated in the national health screening program. Patients were classified as follows:
not consuming alcohol, consuming up to 105 g of alcohol per week;
consuming up to 210 g of alcohol per week;
consuming more than 210 g of alcohol per week.
The control group included people who consumed alcohol 2 times a week.
Result
Compared with the control group, in patients taking alcohol once a week, the risk of AF was lower (risk ratio (RR) 0.933, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.916-0.95). Those who drank alcohol every day had the highest risk of AF (RR 1.412, 95% CI 1.337-1.453). The amount of alcohol consumed at a time did not have a clear association with the onset of AF.
@cardiology
Introduction
Drinking large amounts of alcohol is one of the risk factors for developing atrial fibrillation (AF). At the moment, recommendations for alcohol consumption are aimed at reducing the consumption of its absolute amount. Until now, it was not known how the frequency of drinking affects the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
In this study, we studied the effect of the frequency of alcohol consumption, the effect of the amount of alcohol consumed at a time and per week on the risk of AF.
Methods
The analysis included 9 776 956 people without AF who participated in the national health screening program. Patients were classified as follows:
not consuming alcohol, consuming up to 105 g of alcohol per week;
consuming up to 210 g of alcohol per week;
consuming more than 210 g of alcohol per week.
The control group included people who consumed alcohol 2 times a week.
Result
Compared with the control group, in patients taking alcohol once a week, the risk of AF was lower (risk ratio (RR) 0.933, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.916-0.95). Those who drank alcohol every day had the highest risk of AF (RR 1.412, 95% CI 1.337-1.453). The amount of alcohol consumed at a time did not have a clear association with the onset of AF.
@cardiology
Cardioprotective effects of metformin in patients without diabetes: do they exist?
Relevance
Not all sugar-lowering drugs have confirmed their safety in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have been increasingly discussed.
However, the first and for a long time the only antidiabetic drug that favorably / did not worsen the cardiovascular prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was metformin. At the same time, its effects in patients without diabetes remain almost unexplored. Therefore, the aim of the double-blind, placebo-controlled study of MET-REMODEL was to assess the effect of metformin on the left ventricular myocardial mass in patients with coronary heart disease who have insulin resistance and / or prediabetes.
Methods
The study included 68 patients whose average age was 65 years.
Patients were randomized to metformin (2000 mg / day) and placebo for 12 months.
The primary endpoint of the study was a change in left ventricular myocardial mass indexed for growth 1.7.
results
By the end of the study, there was a significant decrease in the left ventricular myocardial mass index in the metformin subgroup compared with placebo (absolute difference -1.37; 95% confidence interval -2.63 - -0.12; p = 0.033.
In addition, metformin significantly reduced left ventricular myocardial mass, body weight and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and systolic blood pressure.
The glycated hemoglobin level and resistance index did not significantly differ between the metformin and placebo groups at the end of the study.
Conclusion
Thus, it has been demonstrated that metformin can decrease the left ventricular myocardial mass index in patients with coronary heart disease, but without diabetes compared with placebo. It is discussed that the driver of this effect could be a decrease in blood pressure or body weight in the metformin subgroup.
According to the authors, such results can be the basis for large studies with hard endpoints on the cardiovascular effectiveness of metformin in patients without diabetes mellitus
@cardiology
Relevance
Not all sugar-lowering drugs have confirmed their safety in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have been increasingly discussed.
However, the first and for a long time the only antidiabetic drug that favorably / did not worsen the cardiovascular prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was metformin. At the same time, its effects in patients without diabetes remain almost unexplored. Therefore, the aim of the double-blind, placebo-controlled study of MET-REMODEL was to assess the effect of metformin on the left ventricular myocardial mass in patients with coronary heart disease who have insulin resistance and / or prediabetes.
Methods
The study included 68 patients whose average age was 65 years.
Patients were randomized to metformin (2000 mg / day) and placebo for 12 months.
The primary endpoint of the study was a change in left ventricular myocardial mass indexed for growth 1.7.
results
By the end of the study, there was a significant decrease in the left ventricular myocardial mass index in the metformin subgroup compared with placebo (absolute difference -1.37; 95% confidence interval -2.63 - -0.12; p = 0.033.
In addition, metformin significantly reduced left ventricular myocardial mass, body weight and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and systolic blood pressure.
The glycated hemoglobin level and resistance index did not significantly differ between the metformin and placebo groups at the end of the study.
Conclusion
Thus, it has been demonstrated that metformin can decrease the left ventricular myocardial mass index in patients with coronary heart disease, but without diabetes compared with placebo. It is discussed that the driver of this effect could be a decrease in blood pressure or body weight in the metformin subgroup.
According to the authors, such results can be the basis for large studies with hard endpoints on the cardiovascular effectiveness of metformin in patients without diabetes mellitus
@cardiology
This media is not supported in your browser
VIEW IN TELEGRAM
Trombus Aspiration
@cardiology
@cardiology