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🔖Gonadal drainage
🔹Venous drainage:
Left ovary/testis ➡️ left gonadal vein ➡️ left renal vein ➡️ IVC
Right over/testis ➡️ right gonadal vein ➡️ IVC
Left gonadal vein takes the Longest way.
Because the left spermatic vein enters the left renal vein at a 90 degree angle, flow is less laminar on the left than on right
➡️ left venous pressure > right venous pressure
➡️ varicocele more common on the left.
Source: #FirstAid #2017
@anatomyvideoss
🔹Venous drainage:
Left ovary/testis ➡️ left gonadal vein ➡️ left renal vein ➡️ IVC
Right over/testis ➡️ right gonadal vein ➡️ IVC
Left gonadal vein takes the Longest way.
Because the left spermatic vein enters the left renal vein at a 90 degree angle, flow is less laminar on the left than on right
➡️ left venous pressure > right venous pressure
➡️ varicocele more common on the left.
Source: #FirstAid #2017
@anatomyvideoss
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Foramina: Cranial Fossae📝 question #1
A 24-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 40 minutes after he was involved in a motor vehicle collision. He was the unrestrained driver. He is conscious. Physical examination shows numerous lacerations and ecchymoses over the face. His vision is normal. Ocular, facial, and lingual movements are intact. The gag reflex is present. Sensation to pinprick is absent over the right side of the face anterior to the right ear, extending down along the full extent of the mandible to the chin. Sensation also is absent over the right side of the tongue. X-rays of the skull show fractures of the orbit, zygomatic arch, and infratemporal fossa. The most likely cause of these findings is a fracture affecting which of the following locations?
A) Foramen lacerum
B) Foramen ovale
C) Foramen rotundum
D) Foramen spinosum
E) Jugular foramen
#anatomy #cranium #foramina
@anatomyvideoss
A 24-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 40 minutes after he was involved in a motor vehicle collision. He was the unrestrained driver. He is conscious. Physical examination shows numerous lacerations and ecchymoses over the face. His vision is normal. Ocular, facial, and lingual movements are intact. The gag reflex is present. Sensation to pinprick is absent over the right side of the face anterior to the right ear, extending down along the full extent of the mandible to the chin. Sensation also is absent over the right side of the tongue. X-rays of the skull show fractures of the orbit, zygomatic arch, and infratemporal fossa. The most likely cause of these findings is a fracture affecting which of the following locations?
A) Foramen lacerum
B) Foramen ovale
C) Foramen rotundum
D) Foramen spinosum
E) Jugular foramen
#anatomy #cranium #foramina
@anatomyvideoss
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Today's bonus: Clinical Correlate 🏥💉
Jugular foramen syndrome may be caused by a tumor pressing on CN IX, X, and XI. Patients present with hoarseness, dysphagia (CN IX and X), loss of sensation over the oropharynx and posterior third of the tongue (CN IX), and trapezius and sternocleidomastoid weakness (CN XI). The nearby CN XII may be involved, producing tongue deviation to the lesioned side.
#jugular #foramen #nerves
Jugular foramen syndrome may be caused by a tumor pressing on CN IX, X, and XI. Patients present with hoarseness, dysphagia (CN IX and X), loss of sensation over the oropharynx and posterior third of the tongue (CN IX), and trapezius and sternocleidomastoid weakness (CN XI). The nearby CN XII may be involved, producing tongue deviation to the lesioned side.
#jugular #foramen #nerves
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Medial Medullary Syndrome 📝 (A on the picture below)
🔸Due to occlusion of the Anterior Spinal Artery
Brain-stem lesion:
🔹Pyramid: contralateral spastic paresis
🔹Medial lemniscus: contralateral loss of tactile, vibration, conscious proprioception
🔹XII nucleus/fibers: ipsilateral flaccid paralysis of tongue with tongue deviation on protrusion to lesion side.
Figure III-5-17.
Source: Anatomy. Kaplan 2017.
#medulla #lesions #anatomy
🔸Due to occlusion of the Anterior Spinal Artery
Brain-stem lesion:
🔹Pyramid: contralateral spastic paresis
🔹Medial lemniscus: contralateral loss of tactile, vibration, conscious proprioception
🔹XII nucleus/fibers: ipsilateral flaccid paralysis of tongue with tongue deviation on protrusion to lesion side.
Figure III-5-17.
Source: Anatomy. Kaplan 2017.
#medulla #lesions #anatomy
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